A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing
This paper introduces a novel TRNG architecture that employs a wave converter to generate random outputs from the jitter noise in a customized ring oscillator (RO). Using a current-starved inverter, the proposed RO offers the option of operating three different oscillation frequencies from a single...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7502 |
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| author | Chi Trung Ngo Hyun Woo Ko Ji Woo Choi Jae-Won Nam Jong-Phil Hong |
| author_facet | Chi Trung Ngo Hyun Woo Ko Ji Woo Choi Jae-Won Nam Jong-Phil Hong |
| author_sort | Chi Trung Ngo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper introduces a novel TRNG architecture that employs a wave converter to generate random outputs from the jitter noise in a customized ring oscillator (RO). Using a current-starved inverter, the proposed RO offers the option of operating three different oscillation frequencies from a single oscillator. To assess its performance, the core TRNG proposed in this work was designed with multiple samples, employing various transistor sizes for 28 nm CMOS processes. The measurements show that only a small number of measured TRNG samples passed the randomness NIST SP 800-22 tests, which is a common problem, not only with the proposed TRNG but also with other TRNG structures. To solve this issue, a lightweight post-processing algorithm using the Photon hash function was newly applied to the proposed TRNGs topology. The lightweight Photon hash function-based post-processing was implemented with the proposed TRNG topology in a 28 nm CMOS process. The design occupies 16,498 µm<sup>2</sup>, with a throughput of 0.0142 Mbps and power consumption of 31.12 mW. Measurements showed significant improvement, with a 50% increase in chips passing the NIST SP 800-22 tests. Compared with the conventional DRBG post-processing method, the proposed lightweight Photon post-processing reduces area occupation by five times and power consumption by 65%. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e65c7721a4f4a6d8a198157dd7c2c34 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e65c7721a4f4a6d8a198157dd7c2c342024-12-13T16:31:44ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-11-012423750210.3390/s24237502A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-ProcessingChi Trung Ngo0Hyun Woo Ko1Ji Woo Choi2Jae-Won Nam3Jong-Phil Hong4School of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaThis paper introduces a novel TRNG architecture that employs a wave converter to generate random outputs from the jitter noise in a customized ring oscillator (RO). Using a current-starved inverter, the proposed RO offers the option of operating three different oscillation frequencies from a single oscillator. To assess its performance, the core TRNG proposed in this work was designed with multiple samples, employing various transistor sizes for 28 nm CMOS processes. The measurements show that only a small number of measured TRNG samples passed the randomness NIST SP 800-22 tests, which is a common problem, not only with the proposed TRNG but also with other TRNG structures. To solve this issue, a lightweight post-processing algorithm using the Photon hash function was newly applied to the proposed TRNGs topology. The lightweight Photon hash function-based post-processing was implemented with the proposed TRNG topology in a 28 nm CMOS process. The design occupies 16,498 µm<sup>2</sup>, with a throughput of 0.0142 Mbps and power consumption of 31.12 mW. Measurements showed significant improvement, with a 50% increase in chips passing the NIST SP 800-22 tests. Compared with the conventional DRBG post-processing method, the proposed lightweight Photon post-processing reduces area occupation by five times and power consumption by 65%.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7502lightweight cryptographytrue random number generatorphotonIoT |
| spellingShingle | Chi Trung Ngo Hyun Woo Ko Ji Woo Choi Jae-Won Nam Jong-Phil Hong A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing Sensors lightweight cryptography true random number generator photon IoT |
| title | A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing |
| title_full | A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing |
| title_fullStr | A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing |
| title_short | A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing |
| title_sort | lightweight and high yield complementary metal oxide semiconductor true random number generator with lightweight photon post processing |
| topic | lightweight cryptography true random number generator photon IoT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7502 |
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