Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data
BackgroundLatent tuberculosis infection affects about one-quarter of the global population and can progress to active tuberculosis. Hematological inflammatory markers, such as the systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lympho...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1556048/full |
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| author | Yang Liu Chunyan He He Zhao Weiyao Zhong Shihua Sun Zhuo Li Jingwei Shi |
| author_facet | Yang Liu Chunyan He He Zhao Weiyao Zhong Shihua Sun Zhuo Li Jingwei Shi |
| author_sort | Yang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundLatent tuberculosis infection affects about one-quarter of the global population and can progress to active tuberculosis. Hematological inflammatory markers, such as the systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, reflect systemic inflammation and immune status but are understudied in latent tuberculosis infection. This study investigates the association between these markers and latent tuberculosis infection in a nationally representative sample.MethodsData from 7,042 participants in the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and transcriptomic data from the GSE19491 dataset were analyzed. Latent tuberculosis infection was identified using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay. Hematological parameters were measured via complete blood counts, and inflammatory markers were calculated through these parameters. Statistical analyses included linear regression adjusted for confounders and subgroup analyses. Transcriptomic analyses involved immune cell profiling, gene set enrichment, and immune checkpoint gene expression.ResultsIndividuals with latent tuberculosis infection had significantly lower systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension. Transcriptomic analyses revealed heightened activation of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells, increased cytolytic activity, and upregulated T-cell co-inhibition pathways, alongside differential expression of immune checkpoint genes in individuals with latent tuberculosis infection.ConclusionsA lower systemic immune-inflammation index and other related hematological inflammatory markers independently correlate with latent tuberculosis infection. These findings underscore the potential significance of hematological inflammatory markers in identifying and understanding latent tuberculosis infection. Further exploration of these markers may enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of tuberculosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e643958a8c9427db184cf4e3676a1c7 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e643958a8c9427db184cf4e3676a1c72025-08-20T01:49:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882025-03-011510.3389/fcimb.2025.15560481556048Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic dataYang Liu0Chunyan He1He Zhao2Weiyao Zhong3Shihua Sun4Zhuo Li5Jingwei Shi6Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaBackgroundLatent tuberculosis infection affects about one-quarter of the global population and can progress to active tuberculosis. Hematological inflammatory markers, such as the systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, reflect systemic inflammation and immune status but are understudied in latent tuberculosis infection. This study investigates the association between these markers and latent tuberculosis infection in a nationally representative sample.MethodsData from 7,042 participants in the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and transcriptomic data from the GSE19491 dataset were analyzed. Latent tuberculosis infection was identified using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay. Hematological parameters were measured via complete blood counts, and inflammatory markers were calculated through these parameters. Statistical analyses included linear regression adjusted for confounders and subgroup analyses. Transcriptomic analyses involved immune cell profiling, gene set enrichment, and immune checkpoint gene expression.ResultsIndividuals with latent tuberculosis infection had significantly lower systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension. Transcriptomic analyses revealed heightened activation of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells, increased cytolytic activity, and upregulated T-cell co-inhibition pathways, alongside differential expression of immune checkpoint genes in individuals with latent tuberculosis infection.ConclusionsA lower systemic immune-inflammation index and other related hematological inflammatory markers independently correlate with latent tuberculosis infection. These findings underscore the potential significance of hematological inflammatory markers in identifying and understanding latent tuberculosis infection. Further exploration of these markers may enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of tuberculosis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1556048/fulllatent tuberculosis infectioninflammationNHANEStranscriptomesystemic immune-inflammation index |
| spellingShingle | Yang Liu Chunyan He He Zhao Weiyao Zhong Shihua Sun Zhuo Li Jingwei Shi Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology latent tuberculosis infection inflammation NHANES transcriptome systemic immune-inflammation index |
| title | Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data |
| title_full | Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data |
| title_fullStr | Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data |
| title_short | Association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent TB infection: insights from NHANES 2011–2012 and transcriptomic data |
| title_sort | association between hematological inflammatory markers and latent tb infection insights from nhanes 2011 2012 and transcriptomic data |
| topic | latent tuberculosis infection inflammation NHANES transcriptome systemic immune-inflammation index |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1556048/full |
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