The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt
Abstract The present study combines remote sensing data (Landsat-8 and ASTER) with structural analysis to identify the fault systems affecting the distribution of the ironstone beds in northeastern Aswan, Egypt. Sedimentary rocks, such as the Abu Aggag, Timsah, and Umm Brammily formations, character...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88831-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823862188451823616 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohamed Abd El-Wahed Ibrahim A. Salem Mohamed Attia Dina Younis |
| author_facet | Mohamed Abd El-Wahed Ibrahim A. Salem Mohamed Attia Dina Younis |
| author_sort | Mohamed Abd El-Wahed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The present study combines remote sensing data (Landsat-8 and ASTER) with structural analysis to identify the fault systems affecting the distribution of the ironstone beds in northeastern Aswan, Egypt. Sedimentary rocks, such as the Abu Aggag, Timsah, and Umm Brammily formations, characterize northeastern Aswan. The Abu Aggag Formation consists of kaolinitic conglomerate, conglomeratic sandstone, and mudstone. The upper Timsah Formation consists of ferruginous sandstones, oolitic ironstone, and mudstone. Fluvial sandstone forms the Umm Brammily Formation. The oolitic sandy ironstone (2–2.5 m thick) is rich in dark red oolitic hematite and goethite. The ironstone deposit ranges in composition from oolitic sandy ironstone to oolitic ironstone. The distribution of iron minerals is extremely consistent with the iron concentration grade indicated by the Landsat-8 and ASTER Brand Ratios. Five main fault sets to control the extension of the ironstone beds: NNE-SSW left-lateral strike-slip faults (set 1); ENE-WSW normal faults (set 2); NNW-SSE normal faults (set 3); NW–SE normal faults (set 4); and NE-SW normal faults (set 5). The subsequent displacement of Set 3 faults increased the depth of the ironstone bed, which raised the sedimentary overburden load and increased the cost of ironstone exploitation, as well as the absence of iron ore exploitation zones bordering the Nile River. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e5b191838d84fb6993778f4eb497c15 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e5b191838d84fb6993778f4eb497c152025-02-09T12:36:33ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115112110.1038/s41598-025-88831-6The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, EgyptMohamed Abd El-Wahed0Ibrahim A. Salem1Mohamed Attia2Dina Younis3Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafr El Sheikh UniversityGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityAbstract The present study combines remote sensing data (Landsat-8 and ASTER) with structural analysis to identify the fault systems affecting the distribution of the ironstone beds in northeastern Aswan, Egypt. Sedimentary rocks, such as the Abu Aggag, Timsah, and Umm Brammily formations, characterize northeastern Aswan. The Abu Aggag Formation consists of kaolinitic conglomerate, conglomeratic sandstone, and mudstone. The upper Timsah Formation consists of ferruginous sandstones, oolitic ironstone, and mudstone. Fluvial sandstone forms the Umm Brammily Formation. The oolitic sandy ironstone (2–2.5 m thick) is rich in dark red oolitic hematite and goethite. The ironstone deposit ranges in composition from oolitic sandy ironstone to oolitic ironstone. The distribution of iron minerals is extremely consistent with the iron concentration grade indicated by the Landsat-8 and ASTER Brand Ratios. Five main fault sets to control the extension of the ironstone beds: NNE-SSW left-lateral strike-slip faults (set 1); ENE-WSW normal faults (set 2); NNW-SSE normal faults (set 3); NW–SE normal faults (set 4); and NE-SW normal faults (set 5). The subsequent displacement of Set 3 faults increased the depth of the ironstone bed, which raised the sedimentary overburden load and increased the cost of ironstone exploitation, as well as the absence of iron ore exploitation zones bordering the Nile River.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88831-6Iron ore depositsNE AswanAbu SubeiraAbu AggagMulti-sensor remote sensing dataStructural analysis |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Abd El-Wahed Ibrahim A. Salem Mohamed Attia Dina Younis The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt Scientific Reports Iron ore deposits NE Aswan Abu Subeira Abu Aggag Multi-sensor remote sensing data Structural analysis |
| title | The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt |
| title_full | The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt |
| title_fullStr | The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt |
| title_short | The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt |
| title_sort | fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern aswan egypt |
| topic | Iron ore deposits NE Aswan Abu Subeira Abu Aggag Multi-sensor remote sensing data Structural analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88831-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohamedabdelwahed thefaultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT ibrahimasalem thefaultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT mohamedattia thefaultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT dinayounis thefaultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT mohamedabdelwahed faultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT ibrahimasalem faultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT mohamedattia faultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt AT dinayounis faultsystemsthatcontroltheoccurrencesofironoredepositsinnortheasternaswanegypt |