Distal renal tubular acidosis type I: A rare genetic disorder

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) comprises a group of disorders in which the excretion of hydrogen ions or reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate ions is impaired leading to metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap. Type I or distal RTA is a rare chronic genetic disorder characterized by an inability of...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Roopali Desai, Siddappa Dandinavar, Prakash Wari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-07-01
Series:MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjhs.mjhs_79_24
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Summary:Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) comprises a group of disorders in which the excretion of hydrogen ions or reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate ions is impaired leading to metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap. Type I or distal RTA is a rare chronic genetic disorder characterized by an inability of the distal nephron to secrete hydrogen ions. An 8-year-old female child with normal growth and development till the age of 2 years, when the child was diagnosed with “Vitamin D-deficient rickets” and was put on treatment as per the protocol. At the age of 4 years, in another hospital, she was diagnosed with “Vitamin D-resistant rickets with pathological fractures.” At the age of 8 years, she presented to teaching hospital, with lower respiratory tract infection. The child had features of rickets and bony abnormalities, suggestive of rickets. Investigations revealed persistent metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia. A provisional diagnosis of “distal RTA” was made, and necessary investigations were done, which confirmed the diagnosis. Genetic studies revealed “homozygote for a likely pathogenic gene and transcript: SLC4A1 NM_000342.4 variant: c.2573>A p. Ala858Asp location: exon 19 homozygote.”
ISSN:2321-7006
2321-7294