The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms can significantly impact academic performance, social interactions, and daily activities, often creating cycles that worsen...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/3/303 |
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| author | Yuying Wang Yuan Zhao Luming Hu Xuemin Zhang |
| author_facet | Yuying Wang Yuan Zhao Luming Hu Xuemin Zhang |
| author_sort | Yuying Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms can significantly impact academic performance, social interactions, and daily activities, often creating cycles that worsen long-term challenges. This review introduces the <i>Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model</i> (MDFM), which aids in understanding ADHD’s development and guiding intervention strategies. The model emphasizes the dynamic interactions among genetic, environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors. The MDFM consists of three key aspects: (1) the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in shaping ADHD’s biological basis, (2) the role of cognitive and neural processes in driving core symptoms, and (3) the influence of behavioral feedback loops that reinforce negative behaviors and hinder adaptation. The model highlights the importance of personalized interventions and effective feedback systems, including early prevention, supportive family and school environments, and the impact of social and cultural backgrounds on treatment outcomes. As a comprehensive framework, the MDFM offers a holistic perspective for clinicians, aiming to enhance long-term outcomes and promote the health and well-being of individuals with ADHD across the lifespan. By addressing implementation challenges, the model seeks to improve ADHD prevention and management, ultimately supporting individuals and their communities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e450fa45d24426a815eb1f69a7c1daf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e450fa45d24426a815eb1f69a7c1daf2025-08-20T03:43:37ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672025-02-0112330310.3390/children12030303The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderYuying Wang0Yuan Zhao1Luming Hu2Xuemin Zhang3Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaDepartment of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519085, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms can significantly impact academic performance, social interactions, and daily activities, often creating cycles that worsen long-term challenges. This review introduces the <i>Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model</i> (MDFM), which aids in understanding ADHD’s development and guiding intervention strategies. The model emphasizes the dynamic interactions among genetic, environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors. The MDFM consists of three key aspects: (1) the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in shaping ADHD’s biological basis, (2) the role of cognitive and neural processes in driving core symptoms, and (3) the influence of behavioral feedback loops that reinforce negative behaviors and hinder adaptation. The model highlights the importance of personalized interventions and effective feedback systems, including early prevention, supportive family and school environments, and the impact of social and cultural backgrounds on treatment outcomes. As a comprehensive framework, the MDFM offers a holistic perspective for clinicians, aiming to enhance long-term outcomes and promote the health and well-being of individuals with ADHD across the lifespan. By addressing implementation challenges, the model seeks to improve ADHD prevention and management, ultimately supporting individuals and their communities.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/3/303ADHDpediatric healthbehavioral feedback loopspersonalized interventionsprevention and management |
| spellingShingle | Yuying Wang Yuan Zhao Luming Hu Xuemin Zhang The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Children ADHD pediatric health behavioral feedback loops personalized interventions prevention and management |
| title | The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_full | The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_fullStr | The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_short | The Multidimensional Dynamic Feedback Model: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_sort | multidimensional dynamic feedback model a comprehensive framework for understanding and managing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| topic | ADHD pediatric health behavioral feedback loops personalized interventions prevention and management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/3/303 |
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