A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms

Accurate forecasting of renewable energy generation is the foundation for all renewable energy consumption technologies. Currently, wind power forecasting techniques have become relatively mature under normal weather conditions. However, under extreme weather conditions, the difficulty of research i...

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Main Authors: Bo Wang, Shu Wang, Zheng Wang, Yingying Zheng, Xin Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AIP Publishing LLC 2025-04-01
Series:AIP Advances
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0250465
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author Bo Wang
Shu Wang
Zheng Wang
Yingying Zheng
Xin Li
author_facet Bo Wang
Shu Wang
Zheng Wang
Yingying Zheng
Xin Li
author_sort Bo Wang
collection DOAJ
description Accurate forecasting of renewable energy generation is the foundation for all renewable energy consumption technologies. Currently, wind power forecasting techniques have become relatively mature under normal weather conditions. However, under extreme weather conditions, the difficulty of research is caused by data scarcity and significant weather fluctuations. Here, this paper proposes a wind power forecasting framework that considers small sample expansion and hybrid deep learning algorithms. First, the forecasting framework selects sensitive meteorological factors through the shapley additive explanations (SHAP) theory, reducing the redundancy of model input features. Simultaneously, a conditional generative adversarial network based on discriminant weights is employed to expand small samples of extreme weather data, overcoming the issue of data scarcity and improving model training efficiency. Finally, a hybrid deep learning model, the convolutional neural network (CNN)-bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network-attention mechanism (AM), is constructed. This model combines the CNN and BiLSTM network to capture local features and long-term temporal trends complementarily and further enhances the learning of key temporal features through an AM, finally outputting the forecasting results. Through case analysis on a wind power dataset in Liaoning, China, the experimental results show that compared with traditional forecasting methods, the proposed framework reduces the mean absolute error (MAE) by 52.29% and increases R2 by 0.0625 under windy conditions, and reduces the MAE by 64.29% and increases R2 by 0.0462 under low-temperature weather. This indicates that the proposed wind power forecasting framework can effectively improve the forecasting accuracy under extreme weather conditions.
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spelling doaj-art-7e33d88e87d546a2b2b6ad99ebc345932025-08-20T01:48:12ZengAIP Publishing LLCAIP Advances2158-32262025-04-01154045015045015-1510.1063/5.0250465A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithmsBo Wang0Shu Wang1Zheng Wang2Yingying Zheng3Xin Li4National Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Grid-Integration, Beijing 100192, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Grid-Integration, Beijing 100192, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Grid-Integration, Beijing 100192, ChinaChina Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaChina Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaAccurate forecasting of renewable energy generation is the foundation for all renewable energy consumption technologies. Currently, wind power forecasting techniques have become relatively mature under normal weather conditions. However, under extreme weather conditions, the difficulty of research is caused by data scarcity and significant weather fluctuations. Here, this paper proposes a wind power forecasting framework that considers small sample expansion and hybrid deep learning algorithms. First, the forecasting framework selects sensitive meteorological factors through the shapley additive explanations (SHAP) theory, reducing the redundancy of model input features. Simultaneously, a conditional generative adversarial network based on discriminant weights is employed to expand small samples of extreme weather data, overcoming the issue of data scarcity and improving model training efficiency. Finally, a hybrid deep learning model, the convolutional neural network (CNN)-bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network-attention mechanism (AM), is constructed. This model combines the CNN and BiLSTM network to capture local features and long-term temporal trends complementarily and further enhances the learning of key temporal features through an AM, finally outputting the forecasting results. Through case analysis on a wind power dataset in Liaoning, China, the experimental results show that compared with traditional forecasting methods, the proposed framework reduces the mean absolute error (MAE) by 52.29% and increases R2 by 0.0625 under windy conditions, and reduces the MAE by 64.29% and increases R2 by 0.0462 under low-temperature weather. This indicates that the proposed wind power forecasting framework can effectively improve the forecasting accuracy under extreme weather conditions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0250465
spellingShingle Bo Wang
Shu Wang
Zheng Wang
Yingying Zheng
Xin Li
A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
AIP Advances
title A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
title_full A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
title_fullStr A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
title_full_unstemmed A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
title_short A method for short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
title_sort method for short term wind power forecasting under extreme weather conditions based on meteorological factor interpretability and hybrid deep learning algorithms
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0250465
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