Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review
Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source with potential to facilitate the world's transition to clean and sustainable energy. Despite its capabilities, geothermal energy currently accounts for barely 0.34 % of the global energy contribution. However, its ability to provide consistent and...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Unconventional Resources |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000159 |
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| author | Charity M. Nkinyam Chika Oliver Ujah Christian O. Asadu Daramy V.V. Kallon |
| author_facet | Charity M. Nkinyam Chika Oliver Ujah Christian O. Asadu Daramy V.V. Kallon |
| author_sort | Charity M. Nkinyam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source with potential to facilitate the world's transition to clean and sustainable energy. Despite its capabilities, geothermal energy currently accounts for barely 0.34 % of the global energy contribution. However, its ability to provide consistent and reliable electrical power especially for base load demand positions it as a competitive alternative to fossil fuels. The installed capacity of geothermal generation has increased from 9791 MWe in 2009 to 16,318 MWe by the end of 2023, with over 32 countries actively developing their geothermal resources. An in-depth literature review explores the evolution of geothermal energy as a clean energy option, illustrating its significant impact and the challenges it faces. To enhance its competitiveness relative to fossil fuels, which benefit from established support and subsidies, geothermal energy requires government backing in the form of favorable feed-in tariffs and preferential tax treatment. This review emphasizes geothermal energy's potential, extraction technologies, geothermal power plants, geothermal applications, and areas for further research. Additionally, it outlines current research initiatives and provides recommendations for stakeholders to promote geothermal energy as a vital component of a clean energy future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e3252c36f2d41e5bc65b7d62d4ca2a6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-5190 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Unconventional Resources |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e3252c36f2d41e5bc65b7d62d4ca2a62025-02-12T05:32:52ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Unconventional Resources2666-51902025-04-016100149Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic reviewCharity M. Nkinyam0Chika Oliver Ujah1Christian O. Asadu2Daramy V.V. Kallon3Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Power and Energy Development (ACE-SPED), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, NigeriaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa; Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Power and Energy Development (ACE-SPED), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria; Corresponding author. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.Department of Biomedical Engineering, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, P.M.B 211 Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; International Institute for Toxicology, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety Research, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, P.M.B 211, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Engineering, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, P.M.B 211 Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006, South AfricaGeothermal energy is a renewable energy source with potential to facilitate the world's transition to clean and sustainable energy. Despite its capabilities, geothermal energy currently accounts for barely 0.34 % of the global energy contribution. However, its ability to provide consistent and reliable electrical power especially for base load demand positions it as a competitive alternative to fossil fuels. The installed capacity of geothermal generation has increased from 9791 MWe in 2009 to 16,318 MWe by the end of 2023, with over 32 countries actively developing their geothermal resources. An in-depth literature review explores the evolution of geothermal energy as a clean energy option, illustrating its significant impact and the challenges it faces. To enhance its competitiveness relative to fossil fuels, which benefit from established support and subsidies, geothermal energy requires government backing in the form of favorable feed-in tariffs and preferential tax treatment. This review emphasizes geothermal energy's potential, extraction technologies, geothermal power plants, geothermal applications, and areas for further research. Additionally, it outlines current research initiatives and provides recommendations for stakeholders to promote geothermal energy as a vital component of a clean energy future.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000159Emerging technologyRenewable energyEnergy extractionChallengesExplorationAnd power plant technology |
| spellingShingle | Charity M. Nkinyam Chika Oliver Ujah Christian O. Asadu Daramy V.V. Kallon Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review Unconventional Resources Emerging technology Renewable energy Energy extraction Challenges Exploration And power plant technology |
| title | Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review |
| title_full | Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review |
| title_fullStr | Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review |
| title_short | Exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy: A systemic review |
| title_sort | exploring geothermal energy as a sustainable source of energy a systemic review |
| topic | Emerging technology Renewable energy Energy extraction Challenges Exploration And power plant technology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000159 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT charitymnkinyam exploringgeothermalenergyasasustainablesourceofenergyasystemicreview AT chikaoliverujah exploringgeothermalenergyasasustainablesourceofenergyasystemicreview AT christianoasadu exploringgeothermalenergyasasustainablesourceofenergyasystemicreview AT daramyvvkallon exploringgeothermalenergyasasustainablesourceofenergyasystemicreview |