Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis

Abstract Background Medications for opioid use disorder are evidence-based, guideline-recommended treatments. While buprenorphine can be prescribed in nonspecialized office-based settings, it is underutilized. Using a multifaceted implementation initiative, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) s...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aline Lott, Anissa N. Danner, Carol A. Malte, Hope A. Salameh, Diana Bachowski, Adam J. Gordon, Hildi J. Hagedorn, Madeline C. Frost, Emily C. Williams, Andrew J. Saxon, Ryan S. Trim, Eric J. Hawkins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:Addiction Science & Clinical Practice
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00568-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849314640441376768
author Aline Lott
Anissa N. Danner
Carol A. Malte
Hope A. Salameh
Diana Bachowski
Adam J. Gordon
Hildi J. Hagedorn
Madeline C. Frost
Emily C. Williams
Andrew J. Saxon
Ryan S. Trim
Eric J. Hawkins
author_facet Aline Lott
Anissa N. Danner
Carol A. Malte
Hope A. Salameh
Diana Bachowski
Adam J. Gordon
Hildi J. Hagedorn
Madeline C. Frost
Emily C. Williams
Andrew J. Saxon
Ryan S. Trim
Eric J. Hawkins
author_sort Aline Lott
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Medications for opioid use disorder are evidence-based, guideline-recommended treatments. While buprenorphine can be prescribed in nonspecialized office-based settings, it is underutilized. Using a multifaceted implementation initiative, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) sought to expand access to buprenorphine in nonspecialized office-based settings, including primary care clinics. The purpose of this qualitative evaluation was to assess and describe primary care clinicians’ perspectives on delivering buprenorphine care during the first year of the initiative. Methods Using a snowball sampling approach, individualized emails were sent to primary care clinicians participating in a VHA initiative (n = 43) inviting them to be interviewed. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted September 2019 through January 2020, and were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), a meta-theoretical framework of five domains associated with successful adoption of interventions, was used to organize findings. Results Of 43 clinicians invited, 19 responded and were interviewed (44.2%). Findings represented two CFIR domains: Inner Setting and Characteristics of Individuals. For Inner Setting, three themes were identified as influencing implementation during the first year of the initiative. Clinicians reported a shared receptivity to implement buprenorphine, organizational support from pharmacy services and leadership, as well as cohesive relationships among implementation team members and collaboration with outside clinics. Noted barriers included fit within primary care workflows and lack of staff, time and access to onsite laboratory services and buprenorphine. For Characteristics of Individuals, two themes were identified that may facilitate clinicians’ willingness to provide buprenorphine care. Namely, clinicians reported positive attitudes about and experiences delivering opioid use disorder care and a willingness to learn/do something new. Conclusions While implementation strategies should be tailored to individual clinic needs, prioritizing factors identified in this evaluation may support successful implementation of buprenorphine delivery in primary care.
format Article
id doaj-art-7e1764da33564fa28d948fe4604487e4
institution Kabale University
issn 1940-0640
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Addiction Science & Clinical Practice
spelling doaj-art-7e1764da33564fa28d948fe4604487e42025-08-20T03:52:24ZengBMCAddiction Science & Clinical Practice1940-06402025-04-0120111010.1186/s13722-025-00568-9Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysisAline Lott0Anissa N. Danner1Carol A. Malte2Hope A. Salameh3Diana Bachowski4Adam J. Gordon5Hildi J. Hagedorn6Madeline C. Frost7Emily C. Williams8Andrew J. Saxon9Ryan S. Trim10Eric J. Hawkins11Health Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemCenter for Care Delivery & Outcomes Research, Health Services Research & Development, Minneapolis VA Health Care SystemCenter of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education, VA Puget Sound Health Care SystemInformatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences Center, Health Systems Research, VA Salt Lake City Health Care SystemCenter of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education, VA Puget Sound Health Care SystemHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemCenter of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Philadelphia VA Medical CenterHealth Systems Research (HSR) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care SystemAbstract Background Medications for opioid use disorder are evidence-based, guideline-recommended treatments. While buprenorphine can be prescribed in nonspecialized office-based settings, it is underutilized. Using a multifaceted implementation initiative, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) sought to expand access to buprenorphine in nonspecialized office-based settings, including primary care clinics. The purpose of this qualitative evaluation was to assess and describe primary care clinicians’ perspectives on delivering buprenorphine care during the first year of the initiative. Methods Using a snowball sampling approach, individualized emails were sent to primary care clinicians participating in a VHA initiative (n = 43) inviting them to be interviewed. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted September 2019 through January 2020, and were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), a meta-theoretical framework of five domains associated with successful adoption of interventions, was used to organize findings. Results Of 43 clinicians invited, 19 responded and were interviewed (44.2%). Findings represented two CFIR domains: Inner Setting and Characteristics of Individuals. For Inner Setting, three themes were identified as influencing implementation during the first year of the initiative. Clinicians reported a shared receptivity to implement buprenorphine, organizational support from pharmacy services and leadership, as well as cohesive relationships among implementation team members and collaboration with outside clinics. Noted barriers included fit within primary care workflows and lack of staff, time and access to onsite laboratory services and buprenorphine. For Characteristics of Individuals, two themes were identified that may facilitate clinicians’ willingness to provide buprenorphine care. Namely, clinicians reported positive attitudes about and experiences delivering opioid use disorder care and a willingness to learn/do something new. Conclusions While implementation strategies should be tailored to individual clinic needs, prioritizing factors identified in this evaluation may support successful implementation of buprenorphine delivery in primary care.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00568-9BuprenorphineOpioid use disorderOUD carePrimary care
spellingShingle Aline Lott
Anissa N. Danner
Carol A. Malte
Hope A. Salameh
Diana Bachowski
Adam J. Gordon
Hildi J. Hagedorn
Madeline C. Frost
Emily C. Williams
Andrew J. Saxon
Ryan S. Trim
Eric J. Hawkins
Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
Addiction Science & Clinical Practice
Buprenorphine
Opioid use disorder
OUD care
Primary care
title Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
title_full Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
title_fullStr Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
title_full_unstemmed Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
title_short Implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care: a qualitative analysis
title_sort implementing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in veterans health administration primary care a qualitative analysis
topic Buprenorphine
Opioid use disorder
OUD care
Primary care
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00568-9
work_keys_str_mv AT alinelott implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT anissandanner implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT carolamalte implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT hopeasalameh implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT dianabachowski implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT adamjgordon implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT hildijhagedorn implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT madelinecfrost implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT emilycwilliams implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT andrewjsaxon implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT ryanstrim implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis
AT ericjhawkins implementingbuprenorphineforopioidusedisorderinveteranshealthadministrationprimarycareaqualitativeanalysis