The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms

Despite the growing prevalence of hybrid work, our understanding of its effects on employees and teams is still restricted by ambiguous and conflicting findings. We draw on findings from 11 focus groups with 48 hybrid workers from various fields to examine how hybrid work transforms teamwork and per...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Elena Cristina Manole, Petru Lucian Curșeu, Sabina Ramona Trif
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Administrative Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/15/6/201
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849423950406221824
author Elena Cristina Manole
Petru Lucian Curșeu
Sabina Ramona Trif
author_facet Elena Cristina Manole
Petru Lucian Curșeu
Sabina Ramona Trif
author_sort Elena Cristina Manole
collection DOAJ
description Despite the growing prevalence of hybrid work, our understanding of its effects on employees and teams is still restricted by ambiguous and conflicting findings. We draw on findings from 11 focus groups with 48 hybrid workers from various fields to examine how hybrid work transforms teamwork and personal experience in a post-pandemic context. Drawing on paradox theory, differentiation–integration theory, and psychological needs theory, our analysis reveals that hybrid work has differential effects at the individual and team levels of analysis. At the individual level, hybrid work fosters the integration of work and family roles while hindering balanced need satisfaction in the form of role differentiation. At the team level, hybrid work preserves structural differentiation across work locations, while preventing effective integration and coordination across team roles. Based on our findings, we develop practical implications and discuss future research avenues for navigating the complex differentiation–integration dynamics of hybrid work.
format Article
id doaj-art-7dfd404d124147b3baa9b0b04d773cc4
institution Kabale University
issn 2076-3387
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Administrative Sciences
spelling doaj-art-7dfd404d124147b3baa9b0b04d773cc42025-08-20T03:30:24ZengMDPI AGAdministrative Sciences2076-33872025-05-0115620110.3390/admsci15060201The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual MechanismsElena Cristina Manole0Petru Lucian Curșeu1Sabina Ramona Trif2Department of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDespite the growing prevalence of hybrid work, our understanding of its effects on employees and teams is still restricted by ambiguous and conflicting findings. We draw on findings from 11 focus groups with 48 hybrid workers from various fields to examine how hybrid work transforms teamwork and personal experience in a post-pandemic context. Drawing on paradox theory, differentiation–integration theory, and psychological needs theory, our analysis reveals that hybrid work has differential effects at the individual and team levels of analysis. At the individual level, hybrid work fosters the integration of work and family roles while hindering balanced need satisfaction in the form of role differentiation. At the team level, hybrid work preserves structural differentiation across work locations, while preventing effective integration and coordination across team roles. Based on our findings, we develop practical implications and discuss future research avenues for navigating the complex differentiation–integration dynamics of hybrid work.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/15/6/201hybrid teamsvirtualityflexible workhybrid workfocus groupqualitative
spellingShingle Elena Cristina Manole
Petru Lucian Curșeu
Sabina Ramona Trif
The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
Administrative Sciences
hybrid teams
virtuality
flexible work
hybrid work
focus group
qualitative
title The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
title_full The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
title_fullStr The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
title_short The Differentiation–Integration Paradox of Hybrid Work: A Focus Group Exploration of Team and Individual Mechanisms
title_sort differentiation integration paradox of hybrid work a focus group exploration of team and individual mechanisms
topic hybrid teams
virtuality
flexible work
hybrid work
focus group
qualitative
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/15/6/201
work_keys_str_mv AT elenacristinamanole thedifferentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms
AT petruluciancurseu thedifferentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms
AT sabinaramonatrif thedifferentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms
AT elenacristinamanole differentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms
AT petruluciancurseu differentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms
AT sabinaramonatrif differentiationintegrationparadoxofhybridworkafocusgroupexplorationofteamandindividualmechanisms