Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway

Abstract Marine heatwaves are prolonged periods of extreme ocean warming that can strongly impact marine ecosystems, fisheries, and aquaculture. In August 2024, northern Norway experienced one of its most intense marine heatwaves on record, with sea surface temperatures exceeding 18 °C—more than 4 °...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Silvana Gonzalez, Anne D. Sandvik, Mari F. Jensen, Jon Albretsen, Anne Britt Sandø, Randi B. Ingvaldsen, Solfrid S. Hjøllo, Frode Vikebø
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02618-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234397246521344
author Silvana Gonzalez
Anne D. Sandvik
Mari F. Jensen
Jon Albretsen
Anne Britt Sandø
Randi B. Ingvaldsen
Solfrid S. Hjøllo
Frode Vikebø
author_facet Silvana Gonzalez
Anne D. Sandvik
Mari F. Jensen
Jon Albretsen
Anne Britt Sandø
Randi B. Ingvaldsen
Solfrid S. Hjøllo
Frode Vikebø
author_sort Silvana Gonzalez
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Marine heatwaves are prolonged periods of extreme ocean warming that can strongly impact marine ecosystems, fisheries, and aquaculture. In August 2024, northern Norway experienced one of its most intense marine heatwaves on record, with sea surface temperatures exceeding 18 °C—more than 4 °C above the long-term average. This event contributed to an unprecedented salmon lice outbreak at aquaculture sites, causing increased fish mortality and economic losses. Here we use numerical ocean model hindcast data, atmospheric reanalysis data, and in situ observations to identify the factors behind this event. Local weather conditions, including high solar radiation, unusually warm air temperatures, and weak winds, caused increased heat transfer to the sea surface and reduced ocean mixing. Additionally, large-scale atmospheric pressure patterns intensified warm air advection and freshwater transport along the coast, reinforcing local stratification and warming. These findings highlight the importance of advancing regional marine heatwave forecasting to support fisheries and aquaculture resilience under a warming climate.
format Article
id doaj-art-7dd417aae7f54da3906fe17c83588ac2
institution Kabale University
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-7dd417aae7f54da3906fe17c83588ac22025-08-20T04:03:11ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-08-016111110.1038/s43247-025-02618-1Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern NorwaySilvana Gonzalez0Anne D. Sandvik1Mari F. Jensen2Jon Albretsen3Anne Britt Sandø4Randi B. Ingvaldsen5Solfrid S. Hjøllo6Frode Vikebø7Institute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchInstitute of Marine ResearchAbstract Marine heatwaves are prolonged periods of extreme ocean warming that can strongly impact marine ecosystems, fisheries, and aquaculture. In August 2024, northern Norway experienced one of its most intense marine heatwaves on record, with sea surface temperatures exceeding 18 °C—more than 4 °C above the long-term average. This event contributed to an unprecedented salmon lice outbreak at aquaculture sites, causing increased fish mortality and economic losses. Here we use numerical ocean model hindcast data, atmospheric reanalysis data, and in situ observations to identify the factors behind this event. Local weather conditions, including high solar radiation, unusually warm air temperatures, and weak winds, caused increased heat transfer to the sea surface and reduced ocean mixing. Additionally, large-scale atmospheric pressure patterns intensified warm air advection and freshwater transport along the coast, reinforcing local stratification and warming. These findings highlight the importance of advancing regional marine heatwave forecasting to support fisheries and aquaculture resilience under a warming climate.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02618-1
spellingShingle Silvana Gonzalez
Anne D. Sandvik
Mari F. Jensen
Jon Albretsen
Anne Britt Sandø
Randi B. Ingvaldsen
Solfrid S. Hjøllo
Frode Vikebø
Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
Communications Earth & Environment
title Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
title_full Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
title_fullStr Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
title_full_unstemmed Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
title_short Drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern Norway
title_sort drivers of the summer 2024 marine heatwave and record salmon lice outbreak in northern norway
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02618-1
work_keys_str_mv AT silvanagonzalez driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT annedsandvik driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT marifjensen driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT jonalbretsen driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT annebrittsandø driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT randibingvaldsen driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT solfridshjøllo driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway
AT frodevikebø driversofthesummer2024marineheatwaveandrecordsalmonliceoutbreakinnorthernnorway