Comparison of Backprojection Techniques for Rupture Propagation Modelling of the <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 7.8 Mainshock Earthquake near Kahramanmaras and the <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 7.5 Second-Largest Mainshock near Elbistan, Turkey, 2023

Comparison of Backprojection Techniques for Rupture Propagation Modelling of the <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 7.8 Mainshock Earthquake near Kahramanmaras and the <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 7.5 Second-Largest Mainshock near Elbistan, Turkey, 2023

This paper utilises teleseismic Z-component data to investigate rupture propagation, extent, and velocity for two very destructive earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ): the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"&g...

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Main Authors: Dimitrios Nikolopoulos, Mahmood Sultan, Aftab Alam, Demetrios Cantzos, Georgios Priniotakis, Michail Papoutsidakis, Farhan Javed, Georgios Prezerakos, Jamil Siddique, Muhammad Ali Shah, Muhammad Rafique, Panayiotis Yannakopoulos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Geosciences
Subjects:
high-frequency seismic radiation
teleseismic array
Turkey earthquake
rupture propagation
beamforming
multi-signal classification
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/4/146
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Summary:This paper utilises teleseismic Z-component data to investigate rupture propagation, extent, and velocity for two very destructive earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ): the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>w</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 7.8 earthquake near Kahramanmaras and the largest (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>w</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 7.5 s) aftershock at Elbistan (both on 6 February 2023). The extent of the rupture is modelled with beamforming and multichannel signal classification. The teleseismic data are derived from agencies in USA and Canada. The rupture of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>w</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 7.8 earthquake is found to be bi-directional towards the northeast and southwest. Three rupture segments are identified for the Kahramanmaras earthquake between 34.5°–37.5° longitude and 37.0°–37.5° latitude, and another three are identified for the Elbistan earthquake between 36.5°–38.0° longitude and around 38.5° latitude. A total of 299 km is covered in 185 s with rupture velocities between 3.1 km/s and 3.4 km/s. Additionally, the mainshock’s splay and the second-largest aftershock’s rupture are also bidirectional, covering 150 km within 46 s. Five velocity segments are identified, three for the Kahramanmaras and two for the Elbistan earthquakes. Beamforming is efficient for identifying the velocity segments. The findings provide new insights on the evolution of the spatio-temporal rupture of the EAFZ and may serve as a basis for long-term earthquake hazard planning in the area.
ISSN:2076-3263

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