Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)

Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Ethiopia is caused by a unique species, L. aethiopica. In Ethiopia, there are limited studies that provide detailed clinical descriptions of CL, treatment options, and treatment outcomes. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive study based on routine...

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Main Authors: Debas Tesfa, Nigus Manaye, Henry JC de Vries, Johan van Griensven, Wendemagegn Enbiale
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2022-08-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15979
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author Debas Tesfa
Nigus Manaye
Henry JC de Vries
Johan van Griensven
Wendemagegn Enbiale
author_facet Debas Tesfa
Nigus Manaye
Henry JC de Vries
Johan van Griensven
Wendemagegn Enbiale
author_sort Debas Tesfa
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Ethiopia is caused by a unique species, L. aethiopica. In Ethiopia, there are limited studies that provide detailed clinical descriptions of CL, treatment options, and treatment outcomes. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive study based on routinely collected data in medical files from two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from 2017 to 2021. Three months following the end of therapy, we retrieved sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as data on the treatment outcome. Result: Between March 2017 and June 2021, 94 patients were diagnosed with CL at the two hospitals. Of those, 46 (48.9%) of individuals had localized CL, 36 (38.3%) mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and 12 (12.8%) diffuse CL. Sixty-five (69.1%) of the participants were men. The most prevalent morphologic appearances were plaque (n = 42, 46.2%), nodule (n = 38, 41.8%), infiltrative (n = 34, 36.2%), crusted (n = 32, 34%), and ulcerated (n = 24, 25.5%). Scarred, volcanic, and patchy lesions were also documented. Systemic pentavalent antimonials were the most common treatment (n = 55, 58.5%), curing 21/38 (55%) of the patients. Pentavalent antimonials were also given intralesionally to seventeen patients (18.1%), with 15/16 (94%) of them being cured. Overall, 61% (40/66) of patients with documented treatment outcomes were cured. Conclusions: As CL in Ethiopia has a wide array of clinical presentations, clinicians should be suspicious of patients from endemic areas who present with dermatologic manifestations. Physicians can employ local treatment as a first line before resorting to systemic therapy.
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spelling doaj-art-7dbf410ab4ad4315bffe045e9fc5ab212025-08-20T03:52:38ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802022-08-011608.110.3855/jidc.15979Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)Debas Tesfa0Nigus Manaye1Henry JC de Vries2Johan van Griensven3Wendemagegn Enbiale4Department of Dermatovenereology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of NTDs, World Health Organization, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Dermatovenereology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Ethiopia is caused by a unique species, L. aethiopica. In Ethiopia, there are limited studies that provide detailed clinical descriptions of CL, treatment options, and treatment outcomes. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive study based on routinely collected data in medical files from two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from 2017 to 2021. Three months following the end of therapy, we retrieved sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as data on the treatment outcome. Result: Between March 2017 and June 2021, 94 patients were diagnosed with CL at the two hospitals. Of those, 46 (48.9%) of individuals had localized CL, 36 (38.3%) mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and 12 (12.8%) diffuse CL. Sixty-five (69.1%) of the participants were men. The most prevalent morphologic appearances were plaque (n = 42, 46.2%), nodule (n = 38, 41.8%), infiltrative (n = 34, 36.2%), crusted (n = 32, 34%), and ulcerated (n = 24, 25.5%). Scarred, volcanic, and patchy lesions were also documented. Systemic pentavalent antimonials were the most common treatment (n = 55, 58.5%), curing 21/38 (55%) of the patients. Pentavalent antimonials were also given intralesionally to seventeen patients (18.1%), with 15/16 (94%) of them being cured. Overall, 61% (40/66) of patients with documented treatment outcomes were cured. Conclusions: As CL in Ethiopia has a wide array of clinical presentations, clinicians should be suspicious of patients from endemic areas who present with dermatologic manifestations. Physicians can employ local treatment as a first line before resorting to systemic therapy. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15979LCLDCLMCL treatmentoperational researchSORT ITAddis Alem Hospital
spellingShingle Debas Tesfa
Nigus Manaye
Henry JC de Vries
Johan van Griensven
Wendemagegn Enbiale
Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
LCL
DCL
MCL treatment
operational research
SORT IT
Addis Alem Hospital
title Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
title_full Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
title_fullStr Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
title_full_unstemmed Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
title_short Clinical pattern and treatment outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in two hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (2017-2021)
title_sort clinical pattern and treatment outcome of cutaneous leishmaniasis in two hospitals in bahir dar ethiopia 2017 2021
topic LCL
DCL
MCL treatment
operational research
SORT IT
Addis Alem Hospital
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15979
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