Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks
Recently, the simultaneous transmitting and reflecting (STAR) reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been gaining attention as a key enabler for sixth-generation networks, providing additional links with reduction in power consumption. This paper investigates the STAR-RIS’s potential in a cell...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | ICT Express |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959525000116 |
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| author | Chihyun Song Donghyun Lee Yunseong Lee Wonjong Noh Sungrae Cho |
| author_facet | Chihyun Song Donghyun Lee Yunseong Lee Wonjong Noh Sungrae Cho |
| author_sort | Chihyun Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, the simultaneous transmitting and reflecting (STAR) reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been gaining attention as a key enabler for sixth-generation networks, providing additional links with reduction in power consumption. This paper investigates the STAR-RIS’s potential in a cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) network, where distributed APs serve user over the same time/frequency. We propose a deep deterministic policy gradient framework satisfying system-specific and per-user spectral efficiency constraints, exploiting a post-normalization and a penalized reward. From the simulations, it is revealed the proposed algorithm provides better energy performance than benchmarks, highlighting the benefits of STAR-RIS in the CF network. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7dae2fad15cd469687bc0b33deab4fb6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-9595 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ICT Express |
| spelling | doaj-art-7dae2fad15cd469687bc0b33deab4fb62025-08-20T03:44:27ZengElsevierICT Express2405-95952025-04-0111234134710.1016/j.icte.2025.02.001Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networksChihyun Song0Donghyun Lee1Yunseong Lee2Wonjong Noh3Sungrae Cho4School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South KoreaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South KoreaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South KoreaSchool of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea; Corresponding authors.School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea; Corresponding authors.Recently, the simultaneous transmitting and reflecting (STAR) reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been gaining attention as a key enabler for sixth-generation networks, providing additional links with reduction in power consumption. This paper investigates the STAR-RIS’s potential in a cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) network, where distributed APs serve user over the same time/frequency. We propose a deep deterministic policy gradient framework satisfying system-specific and per-user spectral efficiency constraints, exploiting a post-normalization and a penalized reward. From the simulations, it is revealed the proposed algorithm provides better energy performance than benchmarks, highlighting the benefits of STAR-RIS in the CF network.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959525000116Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-outputDeep reinforcement learningEnergy efficiencySimultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface |
| spellingShingle | Chihyun Song Donghyun Lee Yunseong Lee Wonjong Noh Sungrae Cho Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks ICT Express Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output Deep reinforcement learning Energy efficiency Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface |
| title | Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks |
| title_full | Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks |
| title_fullStr | Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks |
| title_short | Deep learning based energy-efficient transmission control for STAR-RIS aided cell-free massive MIMO networks |
| title_sort | deep learning based energy efficient transmission control for star ris aided cell free massive mimo networks |
| topic | Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output Deep reinforcement learning Energy efficiency Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959525000116 |
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