The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands
The extreme weather and the deteriorating water environment have exacerbated the crisis of freshwater resource insufficiency. Many studies have shown that salty water could replace freshwater to partly meet the water demand of plants. To study the effects of early-stage drought hardening and late-st...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Longjia Tian Guangcheng Shao Yang Gao Jia Lu Chenqi Zhang Tian Fu Yihan Hu |
| author_facet | Longjia Tian Guangcheng Shao Yang Gao Jia Lu Chenqi Zhang Tian Fu Yihan Hu |
| author_sort | Longjia Tian |
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| description | The extreme weather and the deteriorating water environment have exacerbated the crisis of freshwater resource insufficiency. Many studies have shown that salty water could replace freshwater to partly meet the water demand of plants. To study the effects of early-stage drought hardening and late-stage salt stress on tomatoes (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.), we conducted a 2-year pot experiment. Based on the multi-objective demands of high yield, high quality, and water saving, yield indicators, quality indicators, and a water-saving indicator were selected as evaluation indicators. Three irrigation levels (W1: 85% field capacity (FC), W2: 70% FC, W3: 55% FC) and three salinity levels (S2: 2 g/L, S4: 4 g/L, S6: 6 g/L) were set as nine treatments. In addition, a control treatment (CK: W1, 0 g/L) was added. Each treatment was evaluated and scored by principal component analysis. The results for 2022 and 2023 found the highest scores for CK, W2S2, W3S2 and CK, W2S4, W2S2, respectively. Based on response surface methodology, we constructed composite models of multi-objective demands, whose results indicated that 66–72% FC and 2 g/L salinity were considered the appropriate water–salt combinations for practical production. This paper will be beneficial for maintaining high yield and high quality in tomato production using salty water irrigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7dac0091939a4d2e89eeef66ceefa8e4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-7dac0091939a4d2e89eeef66ceefa8e42025-08-20T01:47:37ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-10-011319282810.3390/plants13192828The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective DemandsLongjia Tian0Guangcheng Shao1Yang Gao2Jia Lu3Chenqi Zhang4Tian Fu5Yihan Hu6College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaChina Water Resources Beifang Investigation, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, ChinaCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaKunshan Water Bureau, Kunshan 215301, ChinaCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaThe extreme weather and the deteriorating water environment have exacerbated the crisis of freshwater resource insufficiency. Many studies have shown that salty water could replace freshwater to partly meet the water demand of plants. To study the effects of early-stage drought hardening and late-stage salt stress on tomatoes (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.), we conducted a 2-year pot experiment. Based on the multi-objective demands of high yield, high quality, and water saving, yield indicators, quality indicators, and a water-saving indicator were selected as evaluation indicators. Three irrigation levels (W1: 85% field capacity (FC), W2: 70% FC, W3: 55% FC) and three salinity levels (S2: 2 g/L, S4: 4 g/L, S6: 6 g/L) were set as nine treatments. In addition, a control treatment (CK: W1, 0 g/L) was added. Each treatment was evaluated and scored by principal component analysis. The results for 2022 and 2023 found the highest scores for CK, W2S2, W3S2 and CK, W2S4, W2S2, respectively. Based on response surface methodology, we constructed composite models of multi-objective demands, whose results indicated that 66–72% FC and 2 g/L salinity were considered the appropriate water–salt combinations for practical production. This paper will be beneficial for maintaining high yield and high quality in tomato production using salty water irrigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/19/2828deficit irrigationsalty water irrigationprincipal component analysisresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Longjia Tian Guangcheng Shao Yang Gao Jia Lu Chenqi Zhang Tian Fu Yihan Hu The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands Plants deficit irrigation salty water irrigation principal component analysis response surface methodology |
| title | The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands |
| title_full | The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands |
| title_fullStr | The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands |
| title_short | The Optimal Drought Hardening Intensity and Salinity Level Combination for Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivation under High-Yield, High-Quality and Water-Saving Multi-Objective Demands |
| title_sort | optimal drought hardening intensity and salinity level combination for tomato i solanum lycopersicum i l cultivation under high yield high quality and water saving multi objective demands |
| topic | deficit irrigation salty water irrigation principal component analysis response surface methodology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/19/2828 |
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