First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast

Microplastics (<5 mm) are an emerging threat to marine ecosystems and organisms, including fish. Recent studies have ranked the Black Sea as one of the most plastic-polluted European seas. Although there is evidence of microplastic ingestion in various fish species in the Black Sea, data for the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă, Elena Stoica, Lucica Barbeș
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/394
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850204427156193280
author Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă
Elena Stoica
Lucica Barbeș
author_facet Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă
Elena Stoica
Lucica Barbeș
author_sort Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă
collection DOAJ
description Microplastics (<5 mm) are an emerging threat to marine ecosystems and organisms, including fish. Recent studies have ranked the Black Sea as one of the most plastic-polluted European seas. Although there is evidence of microplastic ingestion in various fish species in the Black Sea, data for the Romanian sector are still lacking. This study presents the first assessment of microplastic abundance, color, shape, and size in the gastrointestinal tract and gills of <i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i> (European anchovy) collected from different locations along the Romanian coast (NW Black Sea). Ingested plastics were identified using 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) chemical digestion and analyzed under a stereomicroscope. We observed a high frequency of plastic ingestion, with up to 88% of anchovies containing microplastics (98.5%) and mesoplastics (1.5%), with a mean of 3.03 plastic items/individual, marking the highest reported abundance in the Black Sea. The most common types found were transparent fibers, within the size range of 330 µm–1 mm. Our assessment is the first to demonstrate microplastic contamination in commercial European anchovies from the Romanian coast. Further studies are required to completely understand the extent of microplastic pollution in Black Sea anchovies and its potential impact on both human health and the ecosystem.
format Article
id doaj-art-7d508129dec746f49442bf5df3bfc23f
institution OA Journals
issn 2077-1312
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-7d508129dec746f49442bf5df3bfc23f2025-08-20T02:11:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-02-0113339410.3390/jmse13030394First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea CoastAndreea-Mădălina Ciucă0Elena Stoica1Lucica Barbeș2National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, 300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, RomaniaNational Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, 300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, RomaniaDoctoral School Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaMicroplastics (<5 mm) are an emerging threat to marine ecosystems and organisms, including fish. Recent studies have ranked the Black Sea as one of the most plastic-polluted European seas. Although there is evidence of microplastic ingestion in various fish species in the Black Sea, data for the Romanian sector are still lacking. This study presents the first assessment of microplastic abundance, color, shape, and size in the gastrointestinal tract and gills of <i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i> (European anchovy) collected from different locations along the Romanian coast (NW Black Sea). Ingested plastics were identified using 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) chemical digestion and analyzed under a stereomicroscope. We observed a high frequency of plastic ingestion, with up to 88% of anchovies containing microplastics (98.5%) and mesoplastics (1.5%), with a mean of 3.03 plastic items/individual, marking the highest reported abundance in the Black Sea. The most common types found were transparent fibers, within the size range of 330 µm–1 mm. Our assessment is the first to demonstrate microplastic contamination in commercial European anchovies from the Romanian coast. Further studies are required to completely understand the extent of microplastic pollution in Black Sea anchovies and its potential impact on both human health and the ecosystem.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/394fishplasticmicroplasticsanchovybioaccumulationpollution
spellingShingle Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă
Elena Stoica
Lucica Barbeș
First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
fish
plastic
microplastics
anchovy
bioaccumulation
pollution
title First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
title_full First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
title_fullStr First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
title_full_unstemmed First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
title_short First Report of Microplastic Ingestion and Bioaccumulation in Commercially Valuable European Anchovies (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) from the Romanian Black Sea Coast
title_sort first report of microplastic ingestion and bioaccumulation in commercially valuable european anchovies i engraulis encrasicolus i linnaeus 1758 from the romanian black sea coast
topic fish
plastic
microplastics
anchovy
bioaccumulation
pollution
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/394
work_keys_str_mv AT andreeamadalinaciuca firstreportofmicroplasticingestionandbioaccumulationincommerciallyvaluableeuropeananchoviesiengraulisencrasicolusilinnaeus1758fromtheromanianblackseacoast
AT elenastoica firstreportofmicroplasticingestionandbioaccumulationincommerciallyvaluableeuropeananchoviesiengraulisencrasicolusilinnaeus1758fromtheromanianblackseacoast
AT lucicabarbes firstreportofmicroplasticingestionandbioaccumulationincommerciallyvaluableeuropeananchoviesiengraulisencrasicolusilinnaeus1758fromtheromanianblackseacoast