Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation

Few-shot learning has demonstrated remarkable performance in medical image segmentation. However, existing few-shot medical image segmentation (FSMIS) models often struggle to fully utilize query image information, leading to prototype bias and limited generalization ability. To address these issues...

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Main Authors: Lina Ni, Yang Liu, Zekun Zhang, Yongtao Li, Jinquan Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/7/2176
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author Lina Ni
Yang Liu
Zekun Zhang
Yongtao Li
Jinquan Zhang
author_facet Lina Ni
Yang Liu
Zekun Zhang
Yongtao Li
Jinquan Zhang
author_sort Lina Ni
collection DOAJ
description Few-shot learning has demonstrated remarkable performance in medical image segmentation. However, existing few-shot medical image segmentation (FSMIS) models often struggle to fully utilize query image information, leading to prototype bias and limited generalization ability. To address these issues, we propose the dual-filter cross attention and onion pooling network (DCOP-Net) for FSMIS. DCOP-Net consists of a prototype learning stage and a segmentation stage. During the prototype learning stage, we introduce a dual-filter cross attention (DFCA) module to avoid entanglement between query background features and support foreground features, effectively integrating query foreground features into support prototypes. Additionally, we design an onion pooling (OP) module that combines eroding mask operations with masked average pooling to generate multiple prototypes, preserving contextual information and mitigating prototype bias. In the segmentation stage, we present a parallel threshold perception (PTP) module to generate robust thresholds for foreground and background differentiation and a query self-reference regularization (QSR) strategy to enhance model accuracy and consistency. Extensive experiments on three publicly available medical image datasets demonstrate that DCOP-Net outperforms state-of-the-art methods, exhibiting superior segmentation and generalization capabilities.
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spelling doaj-art-7d322c6cac7d41c092eb6936dc5f45f32025-08-20T03:08:56ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-03-01257217610.3390/s25072176Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image SegmentationLina Ni0Yang Liu1Zekun Zhang2Yongtao Li3Jinquan Zhang4College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaSchool of Computer Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaFew-shot learning has demonstrated remarkable performance in medical image segmentation. However, existing few-shot medical image segmentation (FSMIS) models often struggle to fully utilize query image information, leading to prototype bias and limited generalization ability. To address these issues, we propose the dual-filter cross attention and onion pooling network (DCOP-Net) for FSMIS. DCOP-Net consists of a prototype learning stage and a segmentation stage. During the prototype learning stage, we introduce a dual-filter cross attention (DFCA) module to avoid entanglement between query background features and support foreground features, effectively integrating query foreground features into support prototypes. Additionally, we design an onion pooling (OP) module that combines eroding mask operations with masked average pooling to generate multiple prototypes, preserving contextual information and mitigating prototype bias. In the segmentation stage, we present a parallel threshold perception (PTP) module to generate robust thresholds for foreground and background differentiation and a query self-reference regularization (QSR) strategy to enhance model accuracy and consistency. Extensive experiments on three publicly available medical image datasets demonstrate that DCOP-Net outperforms state-of-the-art methods, exhibiting superior segmentation and generalization capabilities.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/7/2176few-shot learningmedical image segmentationprototype learning
spellingShingle Lina Ni
Yang Liu
Zekun Zhang
Yongtao Li
Jinquan Zhang
Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
Sensors
few-shot learning
medical image segmentation
prototype learning
title Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
title_full Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
title_fullStr Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
title_short Dual-Filter Cross Attention and Onion Pooling Network for Enhanced Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
title_sort dual filter cross attention and onion pooling network for enhanced few shot medical image segmentation
topic few-shot learning
medical image segmentation
prototype learning
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/7/2176
work_keys_str_mv AT linani dualfiltercrossattentionandonionpoolingnetworkforenhancedfewshotmedicalimagesegmentation
AT yangliu dualfiltercrossattentionandonionpoolingnetworkforenhancedfewshotmedicalimagesegmentation
AT zekunzhang dualfiltercrossattentionandonionpoolingnetworkforenhancedfewshotmedicalimagesegmentation
AT yongtaoli dualfiltercrossattentionandonionpoolingnetworkforenhancedfewshotmedicalimagesegmentation
AT jinquanzhang dualfiltercrossattentionandonionpoolingnetworkforenhancedfewshotmedicalimagesegmentation