Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report

Decompression sickness (DCS) is a rare but serious risk for divers, characterized by the formation of inert gas bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues due to rapid decompression. This case report highlights a 25-year-old male recreational diver who developed type 2 DCS, presenting with neurological...

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Main Authors: Dominikus Evano Putra, Eddy Zulfikar, Usamah Usamah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2025-01-01
Series:Archives of Anesthesia and Critical Care
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Online Access:https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1089
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author Dominikus Evano Putra
Eddy Zulfikar
Usamah Usamah
author_facet Dominikus Evano Putra
Eddy Zulfikar
Usamah Usamah
author_sort Dominikus Evano Putra
collection DOAJ
description Decompression sickness (DCS) is a rare but serious risk for divers, characterized by the formation of inert gas bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues due to rapid decompression. This case report highlights a 25-year-old male recreational diver who developed type 2 DCS, presenting with neurological and pulmonary symptoms following a dive. Upon admission to the emergency department, the patient presented with severe shortness of breath, accompanied by nausea, dizziness, numbness and tingling sensations throughout the body, and joint and muscle pain. Physical examination revealed signs of respiratory distress, bilateral upper and lower limb spasticity resembling decorticate posturing, notable hypertonia, and generalized paresthesia. Despite the absence of a hyperbaric chamber facility, the patient was successfully treated with 100% normobaric oxygen (via a Jackson-Rees circuit) and adjunctive medications, including intravenous fluids, dexamethasone, fentanyl, and midazolam, resulting in rapid symptom resolution. The patient was discharged without residual symptoms and remained symptom-free at the one-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of recognizing DCS and demonstrates that 100% normobaric oxygen therapy and corticosteroids can be effective in treating DCS when a hyperbaric chamber is unavailable.
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spelling doaj-art-7d2f2f60a2724c7eae246421e0c4c3162025-08-20T03:49:03ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesArchives of Anesthesia and Critical Care2423-58492025-01-0111310.18502/aacc.v11i3.18509Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case ReportDominikus Evano Putra0Eddy Zulfikar1Usamah Usamah2Wakatobi Regional Public Hospital, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.Wakatobi Regional Public Hospital, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.Wakatobi Regional Public Hospital, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. & Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga – Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.Decompression sickness (DCS) is a rare but serious risk for divers, characterized by the formation of inert gas bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues due to rapid decompression. This case report highlights a 25-year-old male recreational diver who developed type 2 DCS, presenting with neurological and pulmonary symptoms following a dive. Upon admission to the emergency department, the patient presented with severe shortness of breath, accompanied by nausea, dizziness, numbness and tingling sensations throughout the body, and joint and muscle pain. Physical examination revealed signs of respiratory distress, bilateral upper and lower limb spasticity resembling decorticate posturing, notable hypertonia, and generalized paresthesia. Despite the absence of a hyperbaric chamber facility, the patient was successfully treated with 100% normobaric oxygen (via a Jackson-Rees circuit) and adjunctive medications, including intravenous fluids, dexamethasone, fentanyl, and midazolam, resulting in rapid symptom resolution. The patient was discharged without residual symptoms and remained symptom-free at the one-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of recognizing DCS and demonstrates that 100% normobaric oxygen therapy and corticosteroids can be effective in treating DCS when a hyperbaric chamber is unavailable. https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1089decompression sicknessoxygen therapycorticosteroiddiver
spellingShingle Dominikus Evano Putra
Eddy Zulfikar
Usamah Usamah
Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
Archives of Anesthesia and Critical Care
decompression sickness
oxygen therapy
corticosteroid
diver
title Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
title_full Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
title_fullStr Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
title_short Complete Resolution of Severe Decompression Sickness in a Diver Following Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report
title_sort complete resolution of severe decompression sickness in a diver following oxygen therapy a case report
topic decompression sickness
oxygen therapy
corticosteroid
diver
url https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1089
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AT eddyzulfikar completeresolutionofseveredecompressionsicknessinadiverfollowingoxygentherapyacasereport
AT usamahusamah completeresolutionofseveredecompressionsicknessinadiverfollowingoxygentherapyacasereport