Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants
The research progress and development status of ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steels and alloys are reviewed. According to the different operating environments， blade materials can be classified into high-temperature blades and last-stage large blades. For high-temperature blade materials，...
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| Format: | Article |
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Editorial Office of Special Steel
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Teshugang |
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| Online Access: | https://www.specialsteeljournal.com/fileup/1003-8620/PDF/2025-00147.pdf |
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| author | Zhao Jiqing, Yang Gang, Liu Zhengdong, He Xikou, Bao Hansheng |
| author_facet | Zhao Jiqing, Yang Gang, Liu Zhengdong, He Xikou, Bao Hansheng |
| author_sort | Zhao Jiqing, Yang Gang, Liu Zhengdong, He Xikou, Bao Hansheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The research progress and development status of ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steels and alloys are reviewed. According to the different operating environments， blade materials can be classified into high-temperature blades and last-stage large blades. For high-temperature blade materials， 9% to 12% ferritic heat-resistant steels are used in 600 ℃-620 ℃ ultra-supercritical power plants in operation. For steam parameters above 630 ℃， the thermal stability of iron-based materials is insufficient， and nickel-based heat-resistant alloys need to be selected. The world's first 630 ℃demonstration unit selected 80A blade alloy. Nickel-based blade alloys for steam parameters above 700 ℃are still in the research and development stage. The candidate materials in various countries are all γ' precipitation-strengthened nickel-based alloys，and China has developed the W/Mo composite-strengthened GY200 nickel-based blade alloy. Last-stage large blades can be divided into 12%Cr martensitic steel， high-Cr precipitation-strengthened stainless steel， and titanium alloys. The new generation of last-stage blade steels， 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN and B50A789G， have a better strength-toughness match and will gradually replace traditional 12%Cr martensitic steel and 17-4PH blade steel， being applied in high-power units. The relationship between composition， microstructure， and properties of the most widely used ferritic （martensitic） blade steels is summarized from aspects such as composition control， secondary remelting， forging billet， and final forging forming process， as well as the key control technologies in the production process. Suggestions and prospects for the development of blade steels are proposed. In the next 10 years， for ferritic （martensitic） blade steels， low-cost purification smelting technology and batch quality stability control technology will be the main development directions. For 700°C nickel-based blade alloys， domestic research and development of materials and products are underway and will become the main development direction in the field of blade materials. It is expected that a technological breakthrough will be achieved by 2030， and self-developed blade alloys and products will be developed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7d2bd31e021e4d5497d86e540a83dc40 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1003-8620 |
| language | zho |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Editorial Office of Special Steel |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Teshugang |
| spelling | doaj-art-7d2bd31e021e4d5497d86e540a83dc402025-08-20T03:59:31ZzhoEditorial Office of Special SteelTeshugang1003-86202025-08-0146411110.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00147Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power PlantsZhao Jiqing, Yang Gang, Liu Zhengdong, He Xikou, Bao Hansheng0Special Steel Institute of Central Iron and Steel Research Institute， Beijing 100081， ChinaThe research progress and development status of ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steels and alloys are reviewed. According to the different operating environments， blade materials can be classified into high-temperature blades and last-stage large blades. For high-temperature blade materials， 9% to 12% ferritic heat-resistant steels are used in 600 ℃-620 ℃ ultra-supercritical power plants in operation. For steam parameters above 630 ℃， the thermal stability of iron-based materials is insufficient， and nickel-based heat-resistant alloys need to be selected. The world's first 630 ℃demonstration unit selected 80A blade alloy. Nickel-based blade alloys for steam parameters above 700 ℃are still in the research and development stage. The candidate materials in various countries are all γ' precipitation-strengthened nickel-based alloys，and China has developed the W/Mo composite-strengthened GY200 nickel-based blade alloy. Last-stage large blades can be divided into 12%Cr martensitic steel， high-Cr precipitation-strengthened stainless steel， and titanium alloys. The new generation of last-stage blade steels， 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN and B50A789G， have a better strength-toughness match and will gradually replace traditional 12%Cr martensitic steel and 17-4PH blade steel， being applied in high-power units. The relationship between composition， microstructure， and properties of the most widely used ferritic （martensitic） blade steels is summarized from aspects such as composition control， secondary remelting， forging billet， and final forging forming process， as well as the key control technologies in the production process. Suggestions and prospects for the development of blade steels are proposed. In the next 10 years， for ferritic （martensitic） blade steels， low-cost purification smelting technology and batch quality stability control technology will be the main development directions. For 700°C nickel-based blade alloys， domestic research and development of materials and products are underway and will become the main development direction in the field of blade materials. It is expected that a technological breakthrough will be achieved by 2030， and self-developed blade alloys and products will be developed.https://www.specialsteeljournal.com/fileup/1003-8620/PDF/2025-00147.pdfultra-supercritical steam turbine； blade steel and alloy； 9%-12%cr ferritic steel； nickel-based blade alloy |
| spellingShingle | Zhao Jiqing, Yang Gang, Liu Zhengdong, He Xikou, Bao Hansheng Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants Teshugang ultra-supercritical steam turbine； blade steel and alloy； 9%-12%cr ferritic steel； nickel-based blade alloy |
| title | Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants |
| title_full | Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants |
| title_fullStr | Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants |
| title_short | Control Technology of Materials and Microstructure Properties for Steam Turbine Blades in Ultra-supercritical Power Plants |
| title_sort | control technology of materials and microstructure properties for steam turbine blades in ultra supercritical power plants |
| topic | ultra-supercritical steam turbine； blade steel and alloy； 9%-12%cr ferritic steel； nickel-based blade alloy |
| url | https://www.specialsteeljournal.com/fileup/1003-8620/PDF/2025-00147.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhaojiqingyanggangliuzhengdonghexikoubaohansheng controltechnologyofmaterialsandmicrostructurepropertiesforsteamturbinebladesinultrasupercriticalpowerplants |