Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
Purpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospecti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Urogenital Tract Infection |
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| Online Access: | http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdf |
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| author | Ye Chan Joo Ji Eun Yu Jae Hyun Baik Young Seop Chang Jin Bum Kim Hyung Joon Kim Dong Hoon Koh Hong Wook Kim |
| author_facet | Ye Chan Joo Ji Eun Yu Jae Hyun Baik Young Seop Chang Jin Bum Kim Hyung Joon Kim Dong Hoon Koh Hong Wook Kim |
| author_sort | Ye Chan Joo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospective, randomized study to investigate the potential efficacy of music and pyuria on pain or anxiety during outpatient cystoscopy. Materials and Methods In this single-institution, randomized study, the participants were assigned to a music-intervention or non-music control group. The music-intervention group underwent an identical procedure with the addition of Johann Sebastian Bach’s “Air on the G String” from Suite No. 3 in D major, BWV 1068. Urinalysis was performed to determine if pyuria affects pain during the procedure. Results The patient-reported outcomes, encompassing the changes in the STAI-X-1 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X-1) scores, subjective levels of discomfort, embarrassment, satisfaction, and pain, were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the surgeons reported statistically significant differences in their evaluations of the same items as patient-reported outcomes of the two groups. The patient-reported pain showed no significant differences between the pyuria-negative group (0-2 and 3-5 WBC/HPF) and pyuria-positive group (>5 WBC/HPF). Conclusions The data from this study do not support the hypothesis that musical intervention during cystoscopy alleviates pain or anxiety to any significant extent. In addition, pyuria did not affect the patient’s reported pain. Nevertheless, a notable impact was observed in the surgeons’ assessments, suggesting that the musical accompaniment may alter the surgeons’ perception of patient pain and anxiety levels throughout the procedure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7d1bc61b555142dc8e75f325cb76d1f0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2465-8243 2465-8510 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Urogenital Tract Infection |
| spelling | doaj-art-7d1bc61b555142dc8e75f325cb76d1f02025-08-20T03:16:10ZengKorean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and InflammationUrogenital Tract Infection2465-82432465-85102024-04-011913910.14777/uti.2024.19.1.3413Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?Ye Chan Joo0Ji Eun Yu1Jae Hyun Baik2Young Seop Chang3Jin Bum Kim4Hyung Joon Kim5Dong Hoon Koh6Hong Wook Kim7Department of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaPurpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospective, randomized study to investigate the potential efficacy of music and pyuria on pain or anxiety during outpatient cystoscopy. Materials and Methods In this single-institution, randomized study, the participants were assigned to a music-intervention or non-music control group. The music-intervention group underwent an identical procedure with the addition of Johann Sebastian Bach’s “Air on the G String” from Suite No. 3 in D major, BWV 1068. Urinalysis was performed to determine if pyuria affects pain during the procedure. Results The patient-reported outcomes, encompassing the changes in the STAI-X-1 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X-1) scores, subjective levels of discomfort, embarrassment, satisfaction, and pain, were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the surgeons reported statistically significant differences in their evaluations of the same items as patient-reported outcomes of the two groups. The patient-reported pain showed no significant differences between the pyuria-negative group (0-2 and 3-5 WBC/HPF) and pyuria-positive group (>5 WBC/HPF). Conclusions The data from this study do not support the hypothesis that musical intervention during cystoscopy alleviates pain or anxiety to any significant extent. In addition, pyuria did not affect the patient’s reported pain. Nevertheless, a notable impact was observed in the surgeons’ assessments, suggesting that the musical accompaniment may alter the surgeons’ perception of patient pain and anxiety levels throughout the procedure.http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdfcystoscopymusicanxietypainpyuria |
| spellingShingle | Ye Chan Joo Ji Eun Yu Jae Hyun Baik Young Seop Chang Jin Bum Kim Hyung Joon Kim Dong Hoon Koh Hong Wook Kim Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? Urogenital Tract Infection cystoscopy music anxiety pain pyuria |
| title | Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? |
| title_full | Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? |
| title_fullStr | Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? |
| title_short | Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy? |
| title_sort | does music have a calming effect on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cystoscopy |
| topic | cystoscopy music anxiety pain pyuria |
| url | http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdf |
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