Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?

Purpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospecti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ye Chan Joo, Ji Eun Yu, Jae Hyun Baik, Young Seop Chang, Jin Bum Kim, Hyung Joon Kim, Dong Hoon Koh, Hong Wook Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation 2024-04-01
Series:Urogenital Tract Infection
Subjects:
Online Access:http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849706604544393216
author Ye Chan Joo
Ji Eun Yu
Jae Hyun Baik
Young Seop Chang
Jin Bum Kim
Hyung Joon Kim
Dong Hoon Koh
Hong Wook Kim
author_facet Ye Chan Joo
Ji Eun Yu
Jae Hyun Baik
Young Seop Chang
Jin Bum Kim
Hyung Joon Kim
Dong Hoon Koh
Hong Wook Kim
author_sort Ye Chan Joo
collection DOAJ
description Purpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospective, randomized study to investigate the potential efficacy of music and pyuria on pain or anxiety during outpatient cystoscopy. Materials and Methods In this single-institution, randomized study, the participants were assigned to a music-intervention or non-music control group. The music-intervention group underwent an identical procedure with the addition of Johann Sebastian Bach’s “Air on the G String” from Suite No. 3 in D major, BWV 1068. Urinalysis was performed to determine if pyuria affects pain during the procedure. Results The patient-reported outcomes, encompassing the changes in the STAI-X-1 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X-1) scores, subjective levels of discomfort, embarrassment, satisfaction, and pain, were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the surgeons reported statistically significant differences in their evaluations of the same items as patient-reported outcomes of the two groups. The patient-reported pain showed no significant differences between the pyuria-negative group (0-2 and 3-5 WBC/HPF) and pyuria-positive group (>5 WBC/HPF). Conclusions The data from this study do not support the hypothesis that musical intervention during cystoscopy alleviates pain or anxiety to any significant extent. In addition, pyuria did not affect the patient’s reported pain. Nevertheless, a notable impact was observed in the surgeons’ assessments, suggesting that the musical accompaniment may alter the surgeons’ perception of patient pain and anxiety levels throughout the procedure.
format Article
id doaj-art-7d1bc61b555142dc8e75f325cb76d1f0
institution DOAJ
issn 2465-8243
2465-8510
language English
publishDate 2024-04-01
publisher Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation
record_format Article
series Urogenital Tract Infection
spelling doaj-art-7d1bc61b555142dc8e75f325cb76d1f02025-08-20T03:16:10ZengKorean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and InflammationUrogenital Tract Infection2465-82432465-85102024-04-011913910.14777/uti.2024.19.1.3413Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?Ye Chan Joo0Ji Eun Yu1Jae Hyun Baik2Young Seop Chang3Jin Bum Kim4Hyung Joon Kim5Dong Hoon Koh6Hong Wook Kim7Department of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, KoreaPurpose Cystoscopy is a diagnostic test performed frequently in urology outpatient clinics. Despite the large number of inspections, the associated pain, discomfort, or anxiety can markedly affect patient compliance and adherence to subsequent surveillance protocols. This study conducted a prospective, randomized study to investigate the potential efficacy of music and pyuria on pain or anxiety during outpatient cystoscopy. Materials and Methods In this single-institution, randomized study, the participants were assigned to a music-intervention or non-music control group. The music-intervention group underwent an identical procedure with the addition of Johann Sebastian Bach’s “Air on the G String” from Suite No. 3 in D major, BWV 1068. Urinalysis was performed to determine if pyuria affects pain during the procedure. Results The patient-reported outcomes, encompassing the changes in the STAI-X-1 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X-1) scores, subjective levels of discomfort, embarrassment, satisfaction, and pain, were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the surgeons reported statistically significant differences in their evaluations of the same items as patient-reported outcomes of the two groups. The patient-reported pain showed no significant differences between the pyuria-negative group (0-2 and 3-5 WBC/HPF) and pyuria-positive group (>5 WBC/HPF). Conclusions The data from this study do not support the hypothesis that musical intervention during cystoscopy alleviates pain or anxiety to any significant extent. In addition, pyuria did not affect the patient’s reported pain. Nevertheless, a notable impact was observed in the surgeons’ assessments, suggesting that the musical accompaniment may alter the surgeons’ perception of patient pain and anxiety levels throughout the procedure.http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdfcystoscopymusicanxietypainpyuria
spellingShingle Ye Chan Joo
Ji Eun Yu
Jae Hyun Baik
Young Seop Chang
Jin Bum Kim
Hyung Joon Kim
Dong Hoon Koh
Hong Wook Kim
Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
Urogenital Tract Infection
cystoscopy
music
anxiety
pain
pyuria
title Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
title_full Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
title_fullStr Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
title_full_unstemmed Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
title_short Does Music Have a Calming Effect on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy?
title_sort does music have a calming effect on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cystoscopy
topic cystoscopy
music
anxiety
pain
pyuria
url http://euti.org/upload/pdf/uti-19-1-3.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT yechanjoo doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT jieunyu doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT jaehyunbaik doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT youngseopchang doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT jinbumkim doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT hyungjoonkim doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT donghoonkoh doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy
AT hongwookkim doesmusichaveacalmingeffectonpainandanxietyinpatientsundergoingcystoscopy