Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with an unknown etiology mainly characterized by a progressive decline of lung function due to the scarring of the tissue deep in the lungs. The overall survival after diagnosis remains low between 3 and 5 years. IPF is a heterogeneous disease and muc...

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Main Authors: Maricica Pacurari, Amal Mitra, Timothy Turner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:International Journal of Inflammation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3963659
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author Maricica Pacurari
Amal Mitra
Timothy Turner
author_facet Maricica Pacurari
Amal Mitra
Timothy Turner
author_sort Maricica Pacurari
collection DOAJ
description Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with an unknown etiology mainly characterized by a progressive decline of lung function due to the scarring of the tissue deep in the lungs. The overall survival after diagnosis remains low between 3 and 5 years. IPF is a heterogeneous disease and much progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the disease mechanisms that contributed to the development of two new drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, which improved the therapeutic management of the disease. The understanding of the cofactors and comorbidities of IPF also contributed to improved management of the disease outcome. In the present review, we evaluate scientific evidence which indicates IPF as a risk factor for other diseases based on the complexity of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the disease development and of comorbidities. We conclude from the existing literature that while much progress has been made in understating the mechanisms involved in IPF development, further studies are still necessary to fully understand IPF pathogenesis which will contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for IPF management as well as other diseases for which IPF is a major risk factor.
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spelling doaj-art-7d16a2dbe3d44e10879544251d0027892025-08-20T02:07:12ZengWileyInternational Journal of Inflammation2090-80402042-00992021-01-01202110.1155/2021/39636593963659Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and MechanismsMaricica Pacurari0Amal Mitra1Timothy Turner2Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USADepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USADepartment of Biology, College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USAIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with an unknown etiology mainly characterized by a progressive decline of lung function due to the scarring of the tissue deep in the lungs. The overall survival after diagnosis remains low between 3 and 5 years. IPF is a heterogeneous disease and much progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the disease mechanisms that contributed to the development of two new drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, which improved the therapeutic management of the disease. The understanding of the cofactors and comorbidities of IPF also contributed to improved management of the disease outcome. In the present review, we evaluate scientific evidence which indicates IPF as a risk factor for other diseases based on the complexity of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the disease development and of comorbidities. We conclude from the existing literature that while much progress has been made in understating the mechanisms involved in IPF development, further studies are still necessary to fully understand IPF pathogenesis which will contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for IPF management as well as other diseases for which IPF is a major risk factor.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3963659
spellingShingle Maricica Pacurari
Amal Mitra
Timothy Turner
Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
International Journal of Inflammation
title Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
title_full Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
title_fullStr Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
title_short Idiopathic Pulmonary Comorbidities and Mechanisms
title_sort idiopathic pulmonary comorbidities and mechanisms
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3963659
work_keys_str_mv AT maricicapacurari idiopathicpulmonarycomorbiditiesandmechanisms
AT amalmitra idiopathicpulmonarycomorbiditiesandmechanisms
AT timothyturner idiopathicpulmonarycomorbiditiesandmechanisms