Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i>
<b>Background:</b> <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> Turrill. (Brassicaceae) and <i>Stipa capensis</i> Thunb. (Poaceae) are commonly grown in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. <b>Methods</b>: This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal potential...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Khadijah A. Altammar |
| author_facet | Khadijah A. Altammar |
| author_sort | Khadijah A. Altammar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> Turrill. (Brassicaceae) and <i>Stipa capensis</i> Thunb. (Poaceae) are commonly grown in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. <b>Methods</b>: This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal potential of these plants. <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract was further subjected to antioxidant, anticancer, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and in silico analyses. <b>Results</b>: <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract presented a higher antimicrobial efficiency than <i>S. capensis</i> extract by effectively inhibiting the growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>. <i>H. dicksoniae</i> ethanolic extract also demonstrated promising antioxidant and anticancer properties against the human colon cancer cell line HCT-116. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 12 natural compounds in the <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, whereas LC-MS/MS analysis revealed 19 different compounds in negative ion mode and 25 in positive ion mode. Furthermore, the presence of bioactive compounds in the <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, such as flavonoids (acacetin and hesperetin) and caffeic acid, confirmed the observed antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Molecular docking revealed promising interactions between various bioactive compounds and target proteins associated with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study is the first to report GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of <i>H. dicksoniae</i> ethanolic extract. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms and therapeutic applications of the identified bioactive compounds. Thus, the present work can serve as a platform for the isolation of natural compounds from <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, which may play a significant role in the discovery and design of new drugs for the treatment of human diseases. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-7cbcfa027ac04a438221d1b059c8e34f2025-08-20T02:33:51ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-05-0118576510.3390/ph18050765Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i>Khadijah A. Altammar0Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia<b>Background:</b> <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> Turrill. (Brassicaceae) and <i>Stipa capensis</i> Thunb. (Poaceae) are commonly grown in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. <b>Methods</b>: This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal potential of these plants. <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract was further subjected to antioxidant, anticancer, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and in silico analyses. <b>Results</b>: <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract presented a higher antimicrobial efficiency than <i>S. capensis</i> extract by effectively inhibiting the growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>. <i>H. dicksoniae</i> ethanolic extract also demonstrated promising antioxidant and anticancer properties against the human colon cancer cell line HCT-116. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 12 natural compounds in the <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, whereas LC-MS/MS analysis revealed 19 different compounds in negative ion mode and 25 in positive ion mode. Furthermore, the presence of bioactive compounds in the <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, such as flavonoids (acacetin and hesperetin) and caffeic acid, confirmed the observed antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Molecular docking revealed promising interactions between various bioactive compounds and target proteins associated with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study is the first to report GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of <i>H. dicksoniae</i> ethanolic extract. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms and therapeutic applications of the identified bioactive compounds. Thus, the present work can serve as a platform for the isolation of natural compounds from <i>H. dicksoniae</i> extract, which may play a significant role in the discovery and design of new drugs for the treatment of human diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/5/765<i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i><i>Stipa capensis</i>anticancerantimicrobialantioxidantchemical composition |
| spellingShingle | Khadijah A. Altammar Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> Pharmaceuticals <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> <i>Stipa capensis</i> anticancer antimicrobial antioxidant chemical composition |
| title | Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> |
| title_full | Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> |
| title_short | Unveiling Therapeutic Powers of Indigenous Flora: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> |
| title_sort | unveiling therapeutic powers of indigenous flora antimicrobial antioxidant and anticancer properties of i horwoodia dicksoniae i |
| topic | <i>Horwoodia dicksoniae</i> <i>Stipa capensis</i> anticancer antimicrobial antioxidant chemical composition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/5/765 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT khadijahaaltammar unveilingtherapeuticpowersofindigenousfloraantimicrobialantioxidantandanticancerpropertiesofihorwoodiadicksoniaei |