Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study
The potential benefits of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear, different timing for immunotherapy intervention during the peri-dCRT period on survival outcomes is worth exploring. Pa...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Cancer Biology & Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15384047.2025.2504726 |
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| author | Xiongtao Yang Xiaomin Wang Qin Xiao Xiaolin Ge Nuo Yu Jiao Li Guojie Feng Ziyu Zheng Yingying Jiang Lin Lu Xiaojie Xia Lei Deng Tao Zhang Wenqing Wang Wenyang Liu Jianyang Wang Zefen Xiao Zongmei Zhou Nan Bi Hui Wang Cheng Chen Xin Wang |
| author_facet | Xiongtao Yang Xiaomin Wang Qin Xiao Xiaolin Ge Nuo Yu Jiao Li Guojie Feng Ziyu Zheng Yingying Jiang Lin Lu Xiaojie Xia Lei Deng Tao Zhang Wenqing Wang Wenyang Liu Jianyang Wang Zefen Xiao Zongmei Zhou Nan Bi Hui Wang Cheng Chen Xin Wang |
| author_sort | Xiongtao Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The potential benefits of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear, different timing for immunotherapy intervention during the peri-dCRT period on survival outcomes is worth exploring. Patients with inoperable ESCC receiving dCRT combined with ICIs between April 2018 and April 2022 were recruited from five hospitals in China. A historical control group treated with dCRT alone was used for comparison. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights (sIPTW) analyses were conducted to compare survival. The survival outcomes and treatment-related adverse effects were analyzed. A total of 290 patients with inoperable ESCC who received dCRT+ICI treatment were analyzed. The median follow-up was 35.7 months. The 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 86.7% and 66.9%, respectively, and the 1-year and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 66.7% and 47.3%, respectively. The median PFS was 22.4 months, and the median OS was not reached. The dCRT+ICI group had significantly longer OS than the historical control group (2-year OS: 66.9% vs. 56.5%, for sIPTW-adjusted data: HR = 0.62, p < .001). After sIPTW, no differences in OS were found among the induction, concurrent, and consolidation groups. The sIPTW-adjusted analysis showed that both the induction and concurrent groups had significantly longer PFS than the consolidation group. Combining immunotherapy with dCRT improved survival outcomes and demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patients with inoperable ESCC. Induction or concurrent immunotherapy may provide superior survival benefits compared to consolidation immunotherapy.Trial registration Trial no. NCT04821778 registered in ClinicalTrials.gov |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7cacfca496f4422fb75f0d21065e67d4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-4047 1555-8576 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancer Biology & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-7cacfca496f4422fb75f0d21065e67d42025-08-20T03:49:31ZengTaylor & Francis GroupCancer Biology & Therapy1538-40471555-85762025-12-0126110.1080/15384047.2025.2504726Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world studyXiongtao Yang0Xiaomin Wang1Qin Xiao2Xiaolin Ge3Nuo Yu4Jiao Li5Guojie Feng6Ziyu Zheng7Yingying Jiang8Lin Lu9Xiaojie Xia10Lei Deng11Tao Zhang12Wenqing Wang13Wenyang Liu14Jianyang Wang15Zefen Xiao16Zongmei Zhou17Nan Bi18Hui Wang19Cheng Chen20Xin Wang21Department of Oncology, Beijing Changping Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment 1st of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaThe potential benefits of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear, different timing for immunotherapy intervention during the peri-dCRT period on survival outcomes is worth exploring. Patients with inoperable ESCC receiving dCRT combined with ICIs between April 2018 and April 2022 were recruited from five hospitals in China. A historical control group treated with dCRT alone was used for comparison. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights (sIPTW) analyses were conducted to compare survival. The survival outcomes and treatment-related adverse effects were analyzed. A total of 290 patients with inoperable ESCC who received dCRT+ICI treatment were analyzed. The median follow-up was 35.7 months. The 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 86.7% and 66.9%, respectively, and the 1-year and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 66.7% and 47.3%, respectively. The median PFS was 22.4 months, and the median OS was not reached. The dCRT+ICI group had significantly longer OS than the historical control group (2-year OS: 66.9% vs. 56.5%, for sIPTW-adjusted data: HR = 0.62, p < .001). After sIPTW, no differences in OS were found among the induction, concurrent, and consolidation groups. The sIPTW-adjusted analysis showed that both the induction and concurrent groups had significantly longer PFS than the consolidation group. Combining immunotherapy with dCRT improved survival outcomes and demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patients with inoperable ESCC. Induction or concurrent immunotherapy may provide superior survival benefits compared to consolidation immunotherapy.Trial registration Trial no. NCT04821778 registered in ClinicalTrials.govhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15384047.2025.2504726Immunotherapydefinitive chemoradiotherapyinoperable esophageal cancerreal-world studyPD-L1 |
| spellingShingle | Xiongtao Yang Xiaomin Wang Qin Xiao Xiaolin Ge Nuo Yu Jiao Li Guojie Feng Ziyu Zheng Yingying Jiang Lin Lu Xiaojie Xia Lei Deng Tao Zhang Wenqing Wang Wenyang Liu Jianyang Wang Zefen Xiao Zongmei Zhou Nan Bi Hui Wang Cheng Chen Xin Wang Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study Cancer Biology & Therapy Immunotherapy definitive chemoradiotherapy inoperable esophageal cancer real-world study PD-L1 |
| title | Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study |
| title_full | Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study |
| title_fullStr | Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study |
| title_short | Definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter real-world study |
| title_sort | definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with anti pd 1 immunotherapy for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma a multicenter real world study |
| topic | Immunotherapy definitive chemoradiotherapy inoperable esophageal cancer real-world study PD-L1 |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15384047.2025.2504726 |
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