Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review

Global pig production continues to expand in response to increasing demand for meat, placing greater emphasis on improving production efficiency, pig health, and welfare. Among all production phases, the periparturient and lactation periods are particularly critical for sow and piglet survival. To r...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zheng He, Mahejabeen Hossain Nidhi, Zhaojin Guo, Li Lyu, Chuanyi Guo, Junhui Hou, Xiaoshuai Wang, Kai Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:Smart Agricultural Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772375525005520
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849737197240975360
author Zheng He
Mahejabeen Hossain Nidhi
Zhaojin Guo
Li Lyu
Chuanyi Guo
Junhui Hou
Xiaoshuai Wang
Kai Liu
author_facet Zheng He
Mahejabeen Hossain Nidhi
Zhaojin Guo
Li Lyu
Chuanyi Guo
Junhui Hou
Xiaoshuai Wang
Kai Liu
author_sort Zheng He
collection DOAJ
description Global pig production continues to expand in response to increasing demand for meat, placing greater emphasis on improving production efficiency, pig health, and welfare. Among all production phases, the periparturient and lactation periods are particularly critical for sow and piglet survival. To reduce high rates of pre-weaning mortality and ensure sow welfare, precise and continuous monitoring in farrowing pen environments for sows and piglets is essential. Compared to traditional manual observation, contactless monitoring technology offers promising and non-invasive solutions for real-time surveillance. Moreover, most existing reviews related to smart pig farming focused on a single task or technology across the whole pig production cycle. To the best of our knowledge, no existing review has investigated the application of contactless monitoring technology during specific phases of pig production, such as the lactation period. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of automated monitoring technology for sows and piglets during periparturient and lactation periods in farrowing pens. The literature retrieval strategy and publication trends in this area are first introduced. Subsequently, an overview of the commonly used contactless monitoring technology is described, including optical, infrared, audio, and radio-based sensing techniques. Their applications in farrowing pens are then presented, which span from daily monitoring of sows and piglets to event-specific tasks (e.g., farrowing prediction, lactation behavior analysis, crushing detection, and health indicator monitoring). Challenges related to data collection, annotation, model design, and deployment in commercial settings are also discussed. Finally, promising techniques and underexplored tasks for future research are highlighted. By identifying the achievements and persistent gaps in this area of research, this work aims to support the development of intelligent contactless monitoring systems within the farrowing pen environment, ultimately improving sow health and welfare, piglet preweaning mortality, and the sustainability of pig production.
format Article
id doaj-art-7c8f9e6f88f348fa89452f2a9b4ffdc9
institution DOAJ
issn 2772-3755
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Smart Agricultural Technology
spelling doaj-art-7c8f9e6f88f348fa89452f2a9b4ffdc92025-08-20T03:07:00ZengElsevierSmart Agricultural Technology2772-37552025-12-011210132110.1016/j.atech.2025.101321Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical reviewZheng He0Mahejabeen Hossain Nidhi1Zhaojin Guo2Li Lyu3Chuanyi Guo4Junhui Hou5Xiaoshuai Wang6Kai Liu7Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCollege of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Corresponding author.Global pig production continues to expand in response to increasing demand for meat, placing greater emphasis on improving production efficiency, pig health, and welfare. Among all production phases, the periparturient and lactation periods are particularly critical for sow and piglet survival. To reduce high rates of pre-weaning mortality and ensure sow welfare, precise and continuous monitoring in farrowing pen environments for sows and piglets is essential. Compared to traditional manual observation, contactless monitoring technology offers promising and non-invasive solutions for real-time surveillance. Moreover, most existing reviews related to smart pig farming focused on a single task or technology across the whole pig production cycle. To the best of our knowledge, no existing review has investigated the application of contactless monitoring technology during specific phases of pig production, such as the lactation period. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of automated monitoring technology for sows and piglets during periparturient and lactation periods in farrowing pens. The literature retrieval strategy and publication trends in this area are first introduced. Subsequently, an overview of the commonly used contactless monitoring technology is described, including optical, infrared, audio, and radio-based sensing techniques. Their applications in farrowing pens are then presented, which span from daily monitoring of sows and piglets to event-specific tasks (e.g., farrowing prediction, lactation behavior analysis, crushing detection, and health indicator monitoring). Challenges related to data collection, annotation, model design, and deployment in commercial settings are also discussed. Finally, promising techniques and underexplored tasks for future research are highlighted. By identifying the achievements and persistent gaps in this area of research, this work aims to support the development of intelligent contactless monitoring systems within the farrowing pen environment, ultimately improving sow health and welfare, piglet preweaning mortality, and the sustainability of pig production.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772375525005520SowPigletFarrowing penContactless monitoringPrecision livestock farming
spellingShingle Zheng He
Mahejabeen Hossain Nidhi
Zhaojin Guo
Li Lyu
Chuanyi Guo
Junhui Hou
Xiaoshuai Wang
Kai Liu
Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
Smart Agricultural Technology
Sow
Piglet
Farrowing pen
Contactless monitoring
Precision livestock farming
title Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
title_full Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
title_fullStr Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
title_short Harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens: A critical review
title_sort harnessing contactless monitoring technology for sows and piglets within farrowing pens a critical review
topic Sow
Piglet
Farrowing pen
Contactless monitoring
Precision livestock farming
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772375525005520
work_keys_str_mv AT zhenghe harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT mahejabeenhossainnidhi harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT zhaojinguo harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT lilyu harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT chuanyiguo harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT junhuihou harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT xiaoshuaiwang harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview
AT kailiu harnessingcontactlessmonitoringtechnologyforsowsandpigletswithinfarrowingpensacriticalreview