Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean

We investigate the underwater propagation of multi-Gaussian correlated asymmetric Bessel beam with partial coherence in the condition of quadrature amplitude modulation. The oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum is used to characterize turbulence effects under variable temperature and salinity....

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Main Authors: Zhecheng Zhang, Lin Yu, Yong Zhao, Xiaowan Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Photonics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/3/238
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author Zhecheng Zhang
Lin Yu
Yong Zhao
Xiaowan Peng
author_facet Zhecheng Zhang
Lin Yu
Yong Zhao
Xiaowan Peng
author_sort Zhecheng Zhang
collection DOAJ
description We investigate the underwater propagation of multi-Gaussian correlated asymmetric Bessel beam with partial coherence in the condition of quadrature amplitude modulation. The oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum is used to characterize turbulence effects under variable temperature and salinity. Based on the derivation of orbital angular momentum mode distribution, the theoretical model of bit error rate (BER) is constructed. Numerical analyses show that the low-temperature oceanic channel is more beneficial to BER reduction than the low-salinity channel. Due to the better resistance to turbulence, low-order modulation is superior in BER performance. As for beam optimization, the increments in wavelength and source coherence width, or the decrements of topological charge and asymmetry factor, help to obtain a lower BER. The research is instructive for the construction of underwater transmission links based on vortex beams.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2304-6732
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Photonics
spelling doaj-art-7c34cdf8bc764062a9ad48216ab4bf862025-08-20T03:43:20ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-03-0112323810.3390/photonics12030238Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent OceanZhecheng Zhang0Lin Yu1Yong Zhao2Xiaowan Peng3School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaSchool of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaSchool of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaSchool of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaWe investigate the underwater propagation of multi-Gaussian correlated asymmetric Bessel beam with partial coherence in the condition of quadrature amplitude modulation. The oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum is used to characterize turbulence effects under variable temperature and salinity. Based on the derivation of orbital angular momentum mode distribution, the theoretical model of bit error rate (BER) is constructed. Numerical analyses show that the low-temperature oceanic channel is more beneficial to BER reduction than the low-salinity channel. Due to the better resistance to turbulence, low-order modulation is superior in BER performance. As for beam optimization, the increments in wavelength and source coherence width, or the decrements of topological charge and asymmetry factor, help to obtain a lower BER. The research is instructive for the construction of underwater transmission links based on vortex beams.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/3/238beam propagationasymmetric vortex beamBessel beamoceanic turbulencesignal modulation
spellingShingle Zhecheng Zhang
Lin Yu
Yong Zhao
Xiaowan Peng
Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
Photonics
beam propagation
asymmetric vortex beam
Bessel beam
oceanic turbulence
signal modulation
title Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
title_full Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
title_fullStr Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
title_full_unstemmed Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
title_short Bit Error Rate of Multi-Gaussian Correlated Asymmetric Bessel Beam Through Turbulent Ocean
title_sort bit error rate of multi gaussian correlated asymmetric bessel beam through turbulent ocean
topic beam propagation
asymmetric vortex beam
Bessel beam
oceanic turbulence
signal modulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/3/238
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AT linyu biterrorrateofmultigaussiancorrelatedasymmetricbesselbeamthroughturbulentocean
AT yongzhao biterrorrateofmultigaussiancorrelatedasymmetricbesselbeamthroughturbulentocean
AT xiaowanpeng biterrorrateofmultigaussiancorrelatedasymmetricbesselbeamthroughturbulentocean