Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report
Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by varied neurological symptoms, often associated with limbic syndromes. We report the case of a 57-year-old female who presented with obvious ataxia, and then cognitive impairment and behavioral...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1568005/full |
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| author | Jingjiong Chen Xin Tang Linran Wang Dandan Guo Li Cao Kaili Lu |
| author_facet | Jingjiong Chen Xin Tang Linran Wang Dandan Guo Li Cao Kaili Lu |
| author_sort | Jingjiong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by varied neurological symptoms, often associated with limbic syndromes. We report the case of a 57-year-old female who presented with obvious ataxia, and then cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. MRI revealed cerebellar dentate nucleus and basal ganglia lesions with enhancement, which spontaneously regressed on follow-up imaging—a rare phenomenon in mGluR5 encephalitis. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of serum mGluR5 antibodies. Extensive evaluations excluded underlying malignancies. Immunotherapy, including corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, led to significant clinical and radiological improvement. This case highlights the unique cerebellar dentate nucleus and basal ganglia involvement and spontaneous partial reduction of lesions in mGluR5 encephalitis, expanding the clinical spectrum of this condition. Early recognition and immunotherapy are crucial for favorable outcomes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind spontaneous partial lesion regression in autoimmune encephalitis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7c02e35e0f864044baeeee51bdb8b2a3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-7c02e35e0f864044baeeee51bdb8b2a32025-08-20T03:12:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-05-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15680051568005Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case reportJingjiong ChenXin TangLinran WangDandan GuoLi CaoKaili LuAnti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by varied neurological symptoms, often associated with limbic syndromes. We report the case of a 57-year-old female who presented with obvious ataxia, and then cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. MRI revealed cerebellar dentate nucleus and basal ganglia lesions with enhancement, which spontaneously regressed on follow-up imaging—a rare phenomenon in mGluR5 encephalitis. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of serum mGluR5 antibodies. Extensive evaluations excluded underlying malignancies. Immunotherapy, including corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, led to significant clinical and radiological improvement. This case highlights the unique cerebellar dentate nucleus and basal ganglia involvement and spontaneous partial reduction of lesions in mGluR5 encephalitis, expanding the clinical spectrum of this condition. Early recognition and immunotherapy are crucial for favorable outcomes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind spontaneous partial lesion regression in autoimmune encephalitis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1568005/fullautoimmune encephalitismetabotropic glutamate receptor 5cerebellar dentate nucleus lesionsspontaneous partial regressioncase report |
| spellingShingle | Jingjiong Chen Xin Tang Linran Wang Dandan Guo Li Cao Kaili Lu Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report Frontiers in Immunology autoimmune encephalitis metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 cerebellar dentate nucleus lesions spontaneous partial regression case report |
| title | Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report |
| title_full | Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report |
| title_short | Spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune-mediated brain MRI abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: a case report |
| title_sort | spontaneous partial resolution of autoimmune mediated brain mri abnormalities before immunotherapy in anti metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis a case report |
| topic | autoimmune encephalitis metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 cerebellar dentate nucleus lesions spontaneous partial regression case report |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1568005/full |
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