Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study

Importance Identifying undetected clinical signs is imperative in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2.Objective To establish the prevalence of clinical gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical outcomes and recovery rates associated with gustatory and olfactory dysf...

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Main Authors: Felipe García, Ana González Cordón, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Celia Cardozo, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Marta Bodro, Isam Alobid, Juan Ambrosioni, Jhon Rojas, Alexy Inciarte, Berta Torres, Alex Soriano, José Antonio Martínez, Josep Mensa, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Laura Morata, Mariana Chumbita, Pau Alcubilla, Veronica Rico, Daiana Aguero, Nicole García-Pouton, Laia Albiach, Fernanda Meira, Lorena De la Mora, laura Linares, Irene Macaya, Montse Laguno, Angela Ramos, Estela Moreno-García, Antonio Moreno, Montse Sola, Lorna Leal, Manuel Torres
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2021-08-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e040775.full
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author Felipe García
Ana González Cordón
Pedro Puerta-Alcalde
Celia Cardozo
Carolina Garcia-Vidal
Marta Bodro
Isam Alobid
Juan Ambrosioni
Jhon Rojas
Alexy Inciarte
Berta Torres
Alex Soriano
José Antonio Martínez
Josep Mensa
Marta Hernández-Meneses
Laura Morata
Mariana Chumbita
Pau Alcubilla
Veronica Rico
Daiana Aguero
Nicole García-Pouton
Laia Albiach
Fernanda Meira
Lorena De la Mora
laura Linares
Irene Macaya
Montse Laguno
Angela Ramos
Estela Moreno-García
Antonio Moreno
Montse Sola
Lorna Leal
Manuel Torres
author_facet Felipe García
Ana González Cordón
Pedro Puerta-Alcalde
Celia Cardozo
Carolina Garcia-Vidal
Marta Bodro
Isam Alobid
Juan Ambrosioni
Jhon Rojas
Alexy Inciarte
Berta Torres
Alex Soriano
José Antonio Martínez
Josep Mensa
Marta Hernández-Meneses
Laura Morata
Mariana Chumbita
Pau Alcubilla
Veronica Rico
Daiana Aguero
Nicole García-Pouton
Laia Albiach
Fernanda Meira
Lorena De la Mora
laura Linares
Irene Macaya
Montse Laguno
Angela Ramos
Estela Moreno-García
Antonio Moreno
Montse Sola
Lorna Leal
Manuel Torres
author_sort Felipe García
collection DOAJ
description Importance Identifying undetected clinical signs is imperative in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2.Objective To establish the prevalence of clinical gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical outcomes and recovery rates associated with gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were also assessed.Design A prospective study was performed in 80 patients admitted to Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were re-evaluated in the ward daily until discharge. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunction symptoms were retrospectively collected from emergency room (ER) charts after first assessments. Follow-up was performed in telemedicine consultation.Setting The single-centre study was performed in a hospitalisation ward at a university hospital.Participants Consecutive patients meeting hospitalisation criteria for COVID-19 pneumonia were eligible. Study exclusion criteria were patients who could not speak, had previous gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions or whose PCR tests for SARS-CoV-19 were negative.Interventions Systematic assessment of gustatory and olfactory symptoms with standardised questions.Outcome(s) Prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Results Of the 80 study subjects, 62.5% were male and the median age was 57 years. Half of the cohort (n=40) presented with comorbidities. The prevalence of chemosensitive disorder was 73.8% (n=59) (95% CI: 63.8 to 83.8), although self-reported symptoms were recorded in only 26.3% (n=21) of patients in the ER. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were observed in 58.8% (n=47) and 55% (n=44) of cases, respectively. They were also the first symptoms in 25% (n=20) of patients. Anosmia was associated with ageusia, OR: 7, 95% CI: 2.3 to 21.8, p=0.001). No differences in clinical outcomes were observed when patients with and without gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were compared. Recovery rates were 20% (n=10) and 85% (n=42) at days 7 and 45, respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in COVID-19 pneumonia was much higher than in self-report. Presence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions was not a predictor of clinical outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-7be9b6443cbb4f6ea985ac53fac037ec2025-08-20T01:54:58ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552021-08-0111810.1136/bmjopen-2020-040775Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective studyFelipe García0Ana González Cordón1Pedro Puerta-Alcalde2Celia Cardozo3Carolina Garcia-Vidal4Marta Bodro5Isam Alobid6Juan Ambrosioni7Jhon Rojas8Alexy Inciarte9Berta Torres10Alex Soriano11José Antonio Martínez12Josep Mensa13Marta Hernández-Meneses14Laura Morata15Mariana Chumbita16Pau Alcubilla17Veronica Rico18Daiana Aguero19Nicole García-Pouton20Laia Albiach21Fernanda Meira22Lorena De la Mora23laura Linares24Irene Macaya25Montse Laguno26Angela Ramos27Estela Moreno-García28Antonio Moreno29Montse Sola30Lorna Leal31Manuel Torres32Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainHospital Clínic, Rheumatology, Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainRhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAIDS and HIV infection, Institut d`Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAIDS and HIV infection, Institut d`Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, SpainAIDS and HIV infection, Institut d`Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAIDS and HIV infection, Institut d`Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainImportance Identifying undetected clinical signs is imperative in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2.Objective To establish the prevalence of clinical gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical outcomes and recovery rates associated with gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were also assessed.Design A prospective study was performed in 80 patients admitted to Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were re-evaluated in the ward daily until discharge. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunction symptoms were retrospectively collected from emergency room (ER) charts after first assessments. Follow-up was performed in telemedicine consultation.Setting The single-centre study was performed in a hospitalisation ward at a university hospital.Participants Consecutive patients meeting hospitalisation criteria for COVID-19 pneumonia were eligible. Study exclusion criteria were patients who could not speak, had previous gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions or whose PCR tests for SARS-CoV-19 were negative.Interventions Systematic assessment of gustatory and olfactory symptoms with standardised questions.Outcome(s) Prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Results Of the 80 study subjects, 62.5% were male and the median age was 57 years. Half of the cohort (n=40) presented with comorbidities. The prevalence of chemosensitive disorder was 73.8% (n=59) (95% CI: 63.8 to 83.8), although self-reported symptoms were recorded in only 26.3% (n=21) of patients in the ER. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were observed in 58.8% (n=47) and 55% (n=44) of cases, respectively. They were also the first symptoms in 25% (n=20) of patients. Anosmia was associated with ageusia, OR: 7, 95% CI: 2.3 to 21.8, p=0.001). No differences in clinical outcomes were observed when patients with and without gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were compared. Recovery rates were 20% (n=10) and 85% (n=42) at days 7 and 45, respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in COVID-19 pneumonia was much higher than in self-report. Presence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions was not a predictor of clinical outcomes.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e040775.full
spellingShingle Felipe García
Ana González Cordón
Pedro Puerta-Alcalde
Celia Cardozo
Carolina Garcia-Vidal
Marta Bodro
Isam Alobid
Juan Ambrosioni
Jhon Rojas
Alexy Inciarte
Berta Torres
Alex Soriano
José Antonio Martínez
Josep Mensa
Marta Hernández-Meneses
Laura Morata
Mariana Chumbita
Pau Alcubilla
Veronica Rico
Daiana Aguero
Nicole García-Pouton
Laia Albiach
Fernanda Meira
Lorena De la Mora
laura Linares
Irene Macaya
Montse Laguno
Angela Ramos
Estela Moreno-García
Antonio Moreno
Montse Sola
Lorna Leal
Manuel Torres
Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
BMJ Open
title Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
title_full Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
title_fullStr Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
title_full_unstemmed Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
title_short Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
title_sort gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with covid 19 pneumonia a prospective study
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e040775.full
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