Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning

Accurate classification of durian ripeness is essential for quality control and minimizing post-harvest losses. Manual inspection remains subjective and inconsistent, prompting the need for automated methods. We present a multi-modal approach that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for...

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Main Authors: Santi Sukkasem, Watchareewan Jitsakul, Phayung Meesad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Intelligent Systems with Applications
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667305325000894
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author Santi Sukkasem
Watchareewan Jitsakul
Phayung Meesad
author_facet Santi Sukkasem
Watchareewan Jitsakul
Phayung Meesad
author_sort Santi Sukkasem
collection DOAJ
description Accurate classification of durian ripeness is essential for quality control and minimizing post-harvest losses. Manual inspection remains subjective and inconsistent, prompting the need for automated methods. We present a multi-modal approach that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image-based classification and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for automatic textual descriptions. Trained on 16,000 annotated images across four ripeness stages, the model achieved high classification accuracy (MobileNetV2: 95.50%) and superior captioning performance (ResNet101 + Bi-GRU: BLEU 0.9974, METEOR 0.9949, ROUGE 0.9164). While weighted summation fusion demonstrated superior performance, concatenation was ultimately chosen for its simplicity and real-world deployment feasibility. Statistical validation using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05) confirmed the significance of the findings. These results highlight the potential of the proposed multi-modal approach as a practical and interpretable framework for automated durian ripeness assessment.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2025-09-01
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spelling doaj-art-7bbb44c2eb0c47a286b4067d1a93a5702025-08-20T04:00:33ZengElsevierIntelligent Systems with Applications2667-30532025-09-012720056310.1016/j.iswa.2025.200563Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learningSanti Sukkasem0Watchareewan Jitsakul1Phayung Meesad2Correspondence to: Faculty of Information Technology and Digital Innovation, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, 10800 Bangkok, Thailand.; King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, 10800 Bangkok, ThailandKing Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, 10800 Bangkok, ThailandKing Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, 10800 Bangkok, ThailandAccurate classification of durian ripeness is essential for quality control and minimizing post-harvest losses. Manual inspection remains subjective and inconsistent, prompting the need for automated methods. We present a multi-modal approach that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image-based classification and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for automatic textual descriptions. Trained on 16,000 annotated images across four ripeness stages, the model achieved high classification accuracy (MobileNetV2: 95.50%) and superior captioning performance (ResNet101 + Bi-GRU: BLEU 0.9974, METEOR 0.9949, ROUGE 0.9164). While weighted summation fusion demonstrated superior performance, concatenation was ultimately chosen for its simplicity and real-world deployment feasibility. Statistical validation using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05) confirmed the significance of the findings. These results highlight the potential of the proposed multi-modal approach as a practical and interpretable framework for automated durian ripeness assessment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667305325000894Expert systemDeep learningConvolutional neural networks (CNN)Recurrent neural networks (RNN)Durian ripeness classificationHybrid AI
spellingShingle Santi Sukkasem
Watchareewan Jitsakul
Phayung Meesad
Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
Intelligent Systems with Applications
Expert system
Deep learning
Convolutional neural networks (CNN)
Recurrent neural networks (RNN)
Durian ripeness classification
Hybrid AI
title Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
title_full Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
title_fullStr Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
title_full_unstemmed Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
title_short Multi-modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
title_sort multi modal expert system for automated durian ripeness classification using deep learning
topic Expert system
Deep learning
Convolutional neural networks (CNN)
Recurrent neural networks (RNN)
Durian ripeness classification
Hybrid AI
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667305325000894
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AT watchareewanjitsakul multimodalexpertsystemforautomateddurianripenessclassificationusingdeeplearning
AT phayungmeesad multimodalexpertsystemforautomateddurianripenessclassificationusingdeeplearning