The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease

Beyond the short-term effects on fertility, there is increasing evidence that obesity or the consumption of an inappropriate diet by the mother during pregnancy adversely affects the long-term health of her offspring. PPAR and RXR isotypes are widely expressed in reproductive tissues and in the deve...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: William D. Rees, Christopher J. McNeil, Christopher A. Maloney
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2008-01-01
Series:PPAR Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/459030
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832549041109467136
author William D. Rees
Christopher J. McNeil
Christopher A. Maloney
author_facet William D. Rees
Christopher J. McNeil
Christopher A. Maloney
author_sort William D. Rees
collection DOAJ
description Beyond the short-term effects on fertility, there is increasing evidence that obesity or the consumption of an inappropriate diet by the mother during pregnancy adversely affects the long-term health of her offspring. PPAR and RXR isotypes are widely expressed in reproductive tissues and in the developing fetus. Through their interactions with fatty acids, they may mediate adaptive responses to the changes in the maternal diet. In the maturing follicle, PPAR-γ has an important role in the granulosa cells that surround the maturing oocyte. After fertilisation, PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ are essential regulators of placentation and the subsequent development of key metabolic tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipose cells. Activation of PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ during fetal development has the potential to modify the growth and development of these tissues. PPAR-α is expressed at low levels in the fetal liver, however, this expression may be important, as changes in the methylation of DNA in its promoter region are reported to take place during this period of development. This epigenetic modification then programmes subsequent expression. These findings suggest that two separate PPAR-dependent mechanisms may be involved in the fetal adaptations to the maternal diet, one, mediated by PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ, regulating cell growth and differentiation; and another adapting long-term lipid metabolism via epigenetic changes in PPAR-α to optimise postnatal survival.
format Article
id doaj-art-7b9f730f0b9147c592b87a6759bace61
institution Kabale University
issn 1687-4757
1687-4765
language English
publishDate 2008-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series PPAR Research
spelling doaj-art-7b9f730f0b9147c592b87a6759bace612025-02-03T06:12:18ZengWileyPPAR Research1687-47571687-47652008-01-01200810.1155/2008/459030459030The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and DiseaseWilliam D. Rees0Christopher J. McNeil1Christopher A. Maloney2The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, ScotlandThe Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, ScotlandThe Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, ScotlandBeyond the short-term effects on fertility, there is increasing evidence that obesity or the consumption of an inappropriate diet by the mother during pregnancy adversely affects the long-term health of her offspring. PPAR and RXR isotypes are widely expressed in reproductive tissues and in the developing fetus. Through their interactions with fatty acids, they may mediate adaptive responses to the changes in the maternal diet. In the maturing follicle, PPAR-γ has an important role in the granulosa cells that surround the maturing oocyte. After fertilisation, PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ are essential regulators of placentation and the subsequent development of key metabolic tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipose cells. Activation of PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ during fetal development has the potential to modify the growth and development of these tissues. PPAR-α is expressed at low levels in the fetal liver, however, this expression may be important, as changes in the methylation of DNA in its promoter region are reported to take place during this period of development. This epigenetic modification then programmes subsequent expression. These findings suggest that two separate PPAR-dependent mechanisms may be involved in the fetal adaptations to the maternal diet, one, mediated by PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ, regulating cell growth and differentiation; and another adapting long-term lipid metabolism via epigenetic changes in PPAR-α to optimise postnatal survival.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/459030
spellingShingle William D. Rees
Christopher J. McNeil
Christopher A. Maloney
The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
PPAR Research
title The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
title_full The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
title_fullStr The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
title_short The Roles of PPARs in the Fetal Origins of Metabolic Health and Disease
title_sort roles of ppars in the fetal origins of metabolic health and disease
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/459030
work_keys_str_mv AT williamdrees therolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease
AT christopherjmcneil therolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease
AT christopheramaloney therolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease
AT williamdrees rolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease
AT christopherjmcneil rolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease
AT christopheramaloney rolesofpparsinthefetaloriginsofmetabolichealthanddisease