Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy

Abstract CF4 is a major decomposition product of the insulating gas in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear (GIS) during partial discharge or overheating faults. Its detection is essential for effective online monitoring and fault diagnosis of GIS. However, the application of phot...

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Main Authors: Zhicheng Wu, Jiahao Du, Zehao Zhang, Xiang Li, Shengjin Wang, Xiaoang Li, Qiaogen Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-06-01
Series:High Voltage
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70049
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author Zhicheng Wu
Jiahao Du
Zehao Zhang
Xiang Li
Shengjin Wang
Xiaoang Li
Qiaogen Zhang
author_facet Zhicheng Wu
Jiahao Du
Zehao Zhang
Xiang Li
Shengjin Wang
Xiaoang Li
Qiaogen Zhang
author_sort Zhicheng Wu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract CF4 is a major decomposition product of the insulating gas in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear (GIS) during partial discharge or overheating faults. Its detection is essential for effective online monitoring and fault diagnosis of GIS. However, the application of photoacoustic spectroscopy for CF4 detection is hampered by significant cross‐interference from the background C4F7N gas. In this paper, quantum chemical calculations revealed that C4F7N hydrolyses to form perfluoroisobutyrate and ammonia under base catalysis, exhibiting a low reaction energy barrier and high Gibbs free energy change, indicating ease of initiation and substantial reaction extent. This chemical specificity, unlike the stable CF4 which does not undergo such a reaction, enables selective purification of the gas to be detected through this hydrolysis reaction. Leveraging this insight, an experimental system was constructed that cascades chemical absorption purification with photoacoustic spectroscopy detection. This system effectively mitigates the cross‐interference of C4F7N in CF4 detection by selectively absorbing C4F7N with over 95% efficiency through a base‐catalysed nucleophilic hydrolysis reaction. This enabled the precise detection of trace amounts of CF4 against a substantial background of C4F7N with a detection limit reaching 14.79 μL/L. This advancement offers support for the online monitoring and fault diagnosis of eco‐friendly GIS.
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spelling doaj-art-7b9d33b1c88b4bdd91b10331eefab3432025-08-20T02:38:40ZengWileyHigh Voltage2397-72642025-06-0110361562210.1049/hve2.70049Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopyZhicheng Wu0Jiahao Du1Zehao Zhang2Xiang Li3Shengjin Wang4Xiaoang Li5Qiaogen Zhang6State Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an ChinaAbstract CF4 is a major decomposition product of the insulating gas in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear (GIS) during partial discharge or overheating faults. Its detection is essential for effective online monitoring and fault diagnosis of GIS. However, the application of photoacoustic spectroscopy for CF4 detection is hampered by significant cross‐interference from the background C4F7N gas. In this paper, quantum chemical calculations revealed that C4F7N hydrolyses to form perfluoroisobutyrate and ammonia under base catalysis, exhibiting a low reaction energy barrier and high Gibbs free energy change, indicating ease of initiation and substantial reaction extent. This chemical specificity, unlike the stable CF4 which does not undergo such a reaction, enables selective purification of the gas to be detected through this hydrolysis reaction. Leveraging this insight, an experimental system was constructed that cascades chemical absorption purification with photoacoustic spectroscopy detection. This system effectively mitigates the cross‐interference of C4F7N in CF4 detection by selectively absorbing C4F7N with over 95% efficiency through a base‐catalysed nucleophilic hydrolysis reaction. This enabled the precise detection of trace amounts of CF4 against a substantial background of C4F7N with a detection limit reaching 14.79 μL/L. This advancement offers support for the online monitoring and fault diagnosis of eco‐friendly GIS.https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70049
spellingShingle Zhicheng Wu
Jiahao Du
Zehao Zhang
Xiang Li
Shengjin Wang
Xiaoang Li
Qiaogen Zhang
Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
High Voltage
title Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
title_full Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
title_fullStr Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
title_short Detection of trace CF4 in C4F7N‐insulated gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed switchgear: Cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
title_sort detection of trace cf4 in c4f7n insulated gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear cascading specific chemical reactions with photoacoustic spectroscopy
url https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70049
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