A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review

Hong Zhu,1,* Yongzheng Guo,2,* Hongchao Chen,3 Lingmei Ni,1 Biao Zhu,2 Tingting Qu4 1Infection Control Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The Department of Infectious Diseases, the Firs...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhu H, Guo Y, Chen H, Ni L, Zhu B, Qu T
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2025-04-01
Series:Infection and Drug Resistance
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/a-case-of-pulmonary-infection-caused-by-rhodococcus-equi-in-an-aids-pa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850170805683486720
author Zhu H
Guo Y
Chen H
Ni L
Zhu B
Qu T
author_facet Zhu H
Guo Y
Chen H
Ni L
Zhu B
Qu T
author_sort Zhu H
collection DOAJ
description Hong Zhu,1,* Yongzheng Guo,2,* Hongchao Chen,3 Lingmei Ni,1 Biao Zhu,2 Tingting Qu4 1Infection Control Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tingting Qu, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun East Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Email qutingting@zju.edu.cn Biao Zhu, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun East Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Email zhubiao1207@zju.edu.cnAbstract: Rhodococcus equi is a rare opportunistic Gram-positive bacterium that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The infection often presents as a multisystem, disseminated disease with rapid progression and high mortality if not promptly diagnosed and treated. We report the case of a 34-year-old male AIDS patient who developed pulmonary infection due to Rhodococcus equi. Cultures from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and bronchoscopic brushing all indicated infection with Rhodococcus equi. Following combined anti-infective treatment, the pulmonary infection was controlled, and his condition improved. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of Rhodococcus equi infection in AIDS patients, emphasizing early diagnosis and targeted therapy to improve patient outcomes.Keywords: AIDS, Rhodococcus equi, rare opportunistic infection, mNGS
format Article
id doaj-art-7b8bbff81e014858ba5f3be06c3f7c88
institution OA Journals
issn 1178-6973
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Dove Medical Press
record_format Article
series Infection and Drug Resistance
spelling doaj-art-7b8bbff81e014858ba5f3be06c3f7c882025-08-20T02:20:25ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732025-04-01Volume 1820212027102335A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature ReviewZhu HGuo YChen HNi LZhu BQu THong Zhu,1,* Yongzheng Guo,2,* Hongchao Chen,3 Lingmei Ni,1 Biao Zhu,2 Tingting Qu4 1Infection Control Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tingting Qu, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun East Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Email qutingting@zju.edu.cn Biao Zhu, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun East Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Email zhubiao1207@zju.edu.cnAbstract: Rhodococcus equi is a rare opportunistic Gram-positive bacterium that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The infection often presents as a multisystem, disseminated disease with rapid progression and high mortality if not promptly diagnosed and treated. We report the case of a 34-year-old male AIDS patient who developed pulmonary infection due to Rhodococcus equi. Cultures from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and bronchoscopic brushing all indicated infection with Rhodococcus equi. Following combined anti-infective treatment, the pulmonary infection was controlled, and his condition improved. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of Rhodococcus equi infection in AIDS patients, emphasizing early diagnosis and targeted therapy to improve patient outcomes.Keywords: AIDS, Rhodococcus equi, rare opportunistic infection, mNGShttps://www.dovepress.com/a-case-of-pulmonary-infection-caused-by-rhodococcus-equi-in-an-aids-pa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDRaidsrhodococcus equirare opportunistic infectionmngs
spellingShingle Zhu H
Guo Y
Chen H
Ni L
Zhu B
Qu T
A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
Infection and Drug Resistance
aids
rhodococcus equi
rare opportunistic infection
mngs
title A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
title_full A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
title_fullStr A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
title_short A Case of Pulmonary Infection Caused by Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS Patient and Literature Review
title_sort case of pulmonary infection caused by rhodococcus equi in an aids patient and literature review
topic aids
rhodococcus equi
rare opportunistic infection
mngs
url https://www.dovepress.com/a-case-of-pulmonary-infection-caused-by-rhodococcus-equi-in-an-aids-pa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR
work_keys_str_mv AT zhuh acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT guoy acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT chenh acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT nil acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT zhub acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT qut acaseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT zhuh caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT guoy caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT chenh caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT nil caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT zhub caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview
AT qut caseofpulmonaryinfectioncausedbyrhodococcusequiinanaidspatientandliteraturereview