The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major health problem worldwide. Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) involves a combination of HIV drugs (called HIV treatment regimen). However, ART resis5 tance, which emerged because of evolutionary processes, poses numerous challenges in HIV treatment. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Istanbul University Press
2025-05-01
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| Series: | İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy |
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| Online Access: | https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/35655647AC18478CB0935B269F346080 |
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| author | Dilek Aksoy Füsun Göktaş Ur |
| author_facet | Dilek Aksoy Füsun Göktaş Ur |
| author_sort | Dilek Aksoy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major health problem worldwide. Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) involves a combination of HIV drugs (called HIV treatment regimen). However, ART resis5 tance, which emerged because of evolutionary processes, poses numerous challenges in HIV treatment. Therefore, there is urgently needed to develop new anti5retroviral drugs that can eliminate resistant HIV strains. HIV interacts with the primary receptor cluster of differentiation 4 + T cell (CD4+ ) and its co5receptor to allow entry by triggering major structural rearrangements and inducing membrane fusion. Among chemokine receptors, the C5C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is the main co5receptor for HIV binding, which is responsible for viral transmission. Therefore, CCR5 plays an important role in HIV pathogenesis. CCR5 antagonists block the binding of HIV51 to the CCR5 receptor, leading to the discovery of new drug molecules and the search for more effective therapeutics. This review focuses on CCR5 antagonists as viral targets and highlights relevant drug molecules consid5 ering advances in the structural biology of pharmacophore sites. In addition, this article reviews studies on existing drug molecules and discusses the development of CCR5 antagonists that can combat HIV51 infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7b662ad1e8e041969dfd685a21c64692 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2587-2087 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Istanbul University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy |
| spelling | doaj-art-7b662ad1e8e041969dfd685a21c646922025-08-20T03:53:18ZengIstanbul University Pressİstanbul Journal of Pharmacy2587-20872025-05-0155120020910.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2025.1445928123456The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonistsDilek Aksoy0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-4299Füsun Göktaş Ur1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-2232İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiyeİstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul, TürkiyeHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major health problem worldwide. Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) involves a combination of HIV drugs (called HIV treatment regimen). However, ART resis5 tance, which emerged because of evolutionary processes, poses numerous challenges in HIV treatment. Therefore, there is urgently needed to develop new anti5retroviral drugs that can eliminate resistant HIV strains. HIV interacts with the primary receptor cluster of differentiation 4 + T cell (CD4+ ) and its co5receptor to allow entry by triggering major structural rearrangements and inducing membrane fusion. Among chemokine receptors, the C5C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is the main co5receptor for HIV binding, which is responsible for viral transmission. Therefore, CCR5 plays an important role in HIV pathogenesis. CCR5 antagonists block the binding of HIV51 to the CCR5 receptor, leading to the discovery of new drug molecules and the search for more effective therapeutics. This review focuses on CCR5 antagonists as viral targets and highlights relevant drug molecules consid5 ering advances in the structural biology of pharmacophore sites. In addition, this article reviews studies on existing drug molecules and discusses the development of CCR5 antagonists that can combat HIV51 infection.https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/35655647AC18478CB0935B269F346080antiretroviral therapyccr5 antagonistco5receptorhiv |
| spellingShingle | Dilek Aksoy Füsun Göktaş Ur The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy antiretroviral therapy ccr5 antagonist co5receptor hiv |
| title | The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists |
| title_full | The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists |
| title_fullStr | The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists |
| title_full_unstemmed | The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists |
| title_short | The importance of co-receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non-peptide, small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists |
| title_sort | importance of co receptors in antiretroviral therapy and novel studies on non peptide small molecule chemokine receptor type 5 ccr5 antagonists |
| topic | antiretroviral therapy ccr5 antagonist co5receptor hiv |
| url | https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/35655647AC18478CB0935B269F346080 |
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