Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study

Background and Objectives: There is paucity of studies on long-term remission of autoimmune generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) from Southeast Asia. We report the outcome predictors of generalized MG and also evaluate the influence of high- versus low-dose prednisolone and prednisolone with or withou...

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Main Authors: Jayantee Kalita, Nagendra B Gutti, Faim Ahamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-01-01
Series:Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_386_24
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author Jayantee Kalita
Nagendra B Gutti
Faim Ahamed
author_facet Jayantee Kalita
Nagendra B Gutti
Faim Ahamed
author_sort Jayantee Kalita
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objectives: There is paucity of studies on long-term remission of autoimmune generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) from Southeast Asia. We report the outcome predictors of generalized MG and also evaluate the influence of high- versus low-dose prednisolone and prednisolone with or without azathioprine (AZA). Methods: Fifty-seven patients with generalized MG were included, who completed 2 years of follow-up. Demographic information, comorbidities, Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) class at baseline and follow-up, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and muscle-specific kinase antibodies, decremental response, thymectomy, and treatments were recorded. Maximum doses of prednisolone, AZA, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were noted. The predictors of MGFA 0 at 3 and 6 months and minimal manifestation (MM) status at 2 years were evaluated. Results: MGFA 0 was achieved by 27 (47.4%) patients at 3 months, 35 (61.4%) patients at 6 months, and 46 (80.7%) patients at 12 months. At 2 years, 48 (84.2%) patients achieved the MM status and none achieved complete stable or pharmacologic remission. On multivariate analysis, AChR antibody titer (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.006–1.167; P = 0.03) and MG activity of daily living (MGADL) at 6 months (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.066–1.558; P = 0.01) predicted the MM status. Maximum dose of prednisolone and adjunctive AZA did not predict the MM status. Conclusions: About 84.2% of patients with generalized MG, especially those with a low AChR antibody titer and MGADL < 4 at 6 months, achieved the MM status at 2 years.
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spelling doaj-art-7b14ecd987b34d0fa0d2abf48cb4fa8c2025-08-20T03:16:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology0972-23271998-35492025-01-01281586510.4103/aian.aian_386_24Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational StudyJayantee KalitaNagendra B GuttiFaim AhamedBackground and Objectives: There is paucity of studies on long-term remission of autoimmune generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) from Southeast Asia. We report the outcome predictors of generalized MG and also evaluate the influence of high- versus low-dose prednisolone and prednisolone with or without azathioprine (AZA). Methods: Fifty-seven patients with generalized MG were included, who completed 2 years of follow-up. Demographic information, comorbidities, Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) class at baseline and follow-up, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and muscle-specific kinase antibodies, decremental response, thymectomy, and treatments were recorded. Maximum doses of prednisolone, AZA, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were noted. The predictors of MGFA 0 at 3 and 6 months and minimal manifestation (MM) status at 2 years were evaluated. Results: MGFA 0 was achieved by 27 (47.4%) patients at 3 months, 35 (61.4%) patients at 6 months, and 46 (80.7%) patients at 12 months. At 2 years, 48 (84.2%) patients achieved the MM status and none achieved complete stable or pharmacologic remission. On multivariate analysis, AChR antibody titer (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.006–1.167; P = 0.03) and MG activity of daily living (MGADL) at 6 months (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.066–1.558; P = 0.01) predicted the MM status. Maximum dose of prednisolone and adjunctive AZA did not predict the MM status. Conclusions: About 84.2% of patients with generalized MG, especially those with a low AChR antibody titer and MGADL < 4 at 6 months, achieved the MM status at 2 years.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_386_24acetyl choline receptor antibodyazathioprinemyasthenia crisismyasthenia gravisoutcomeprednisoloneprognosis
spellingShingle Jayantee Kalita
Nagendra B Gutti
Faim Ahamed
Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
acetyl choline receptor antibody
azathioprine
myasthenia crisis
myasthenia gravis
outcome
prednisolone
prognosis
title Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
title_full Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
title_fullStr Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
title_short Outcome Predictors of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Prospective Observational Study
title_sort outcome predictors of generalized myasthenia gravis a prospective observational study
topic acetyl choline receptor antibody
azathioprine
myasthenia crisis
myasthenia gravis
outcome
prednisolone
prognosis
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_386_24
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AT nagendrabgutti outcomepredictorsofgeneralizedmyastheniagravisaprospectiveobservationalstudy
AT faimahamed outcomepredictorsofgeneralizedmyastheniagravisaprospectiveobservationalstudy