A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium

Fennel waste is rich in compounds that may have beneficial effects on human health. For this reason, the most abundant metabolites in fennel were isolated as the following: quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, quinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-glucuroni...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maria Assunta Crescenzi, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Cristiana Stellato, Ada Popolo, Julijana Ivanisevic, Sonia Piacente, Paola Montoro
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1407
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850188069534171136
author Maria Assunta Crescenzi
Hector Gallart-Ayala
Cristiana Stellato
Ada Popolo
Julijana Ivanisevic
Sonia Piacente
Paola Montoro
author_facet Maria Assunta Crescenzi
Hector Gallart-Ayala
Cristiana Stellato
Ada Popolo
Julijana Ivanisevic
Sonia Piacente
Paola Montoro
author_sort Maria Assunta Crescenzi
collection DOAJ
description Fennel waste is rich in compounds that may have beneficial effects on human health. For this reason, the most abundant metabolites in fennel were isolated as the following: quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, quinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-glucuronide, and quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucuronide. After inducing inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells by stimulating them with IL-1β, the cells were treated with the specialized <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> metabolites at different concentrations to assess their anti-inflammatory effect. Eicosanoids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids were extracted from the cell medium and quantified by UPLC-ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the metabolites isolated from fennel waste was demonstrated. They were able to alleviate the inflammatory state in human bronchial epithelium by modulating the metabolic expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids. These findings suggest the potential use of fennel waste in the production of dietary supplements to alleviate the symptoms of chronic inflammatory diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), where the continuous use of antiphlogistics may have significant side effects.
format Article
id doaj-art-7adef5ce45c04686a6619f53c1dd39c6
institution OA Journals
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-7adef5ce45c04686a6619f53c1dd39c62025-08-20T02:15:58ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-03-01307140710.3390/molecules30071407A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial EpitheliumMaria Assunta Crescenzi0Hector Gallart-Ayala1Cristiana Stellato2Ada Popolo3Julijana Ivanisevic4Sonia Piacente5Paola Montoro6Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, ItalyMetabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, ItalyMetabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, ItalyFennel waste is rich in compounds that may have beneficial effects on human health. For this reason, the most abundant metabolites in fennel were isolated as the following: quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, quinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-glucuronide, and quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucuronide. After inducing inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells by stimulating them with IL-1β, the cells were treated with the specialized <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> metabolites at different concentrations to assess their anti-inflammatory effect. Eicosanoids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids were extracted from the cell medium and quantified by UPLC-ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the metabolites isolated from fennel waste was demonstrated. They were able to alleviate the inflammatory state in human bronchial epithelium by modulating the metabolic expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids. These findings suggest the potential use of fennel waste in the production of dietary supplements to alleviate the symptoms of chronic inflammatory diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), where the continuous use of antiphlogistics may have significant side effects.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1407cell metabolomicinflammationvegetable waste
spellingShingle Maria Assunta Crescenzi
Hector Gallart-Ayala
Cristiana Stellato
Ada Popolo
Julijana Ivanisevic
Sonia Piacente
Paola Montoro
A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
Molecules
cell metabolomic
inflammation
vegetable waste
title A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
title_full A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
title_fullStr A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
title_full_unstemmed A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
title_short A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach to Evaluate the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Major Metabolites of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Waste in Human Bronchial Epithelium
title_sort targeted mass spectrometric approach to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of the major metabolites of i foeniculum vulgare i mill waste in human bronchial epithelium
topic cell metabolomic
inflammation
vegetable waste
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1407
work_keys_str_mv AT mariaassuntacrescenzi atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT hectorgallartayala atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT cristianastellato atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT adapopolo atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT julijanaivanisevic atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT soniapiacente atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT paolamontoro atargetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT mariaassuntacrescenzi targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT hectorgallartayala targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT cristianastellato targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT adapopolo targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT julijanaivanisevic targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT soniapiacente targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium
AT paolamontoro targetedmassspectrometricapproachtoevaluatetheantiinflammatoryactivityofthemajormetabolitesofifoeniculumvulgareimillwasteinhumanbronchialepithelium