Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses
The need to protect confidential data stored on personal computers (PCs) or sent to other parties has increased significantly. Therefore, a secure, high-capacity strategy is needed to cover the data contained within media and make it difficult to detect. Due to the limited number of research studies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319157820303463 |
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| author | Norah Alanazi Esam Khan Adnan Gutub |
| author_facet | Norah Alanazi Esam Khan Adnan Gutub |
| author_sort | Norah Alanazi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The need to protect confidential data stored on personal computers (PCs) or sent to other parties has increased significantly. Therefore, a secure, high-capacity strategy is needed to cover the data contained within media and make it difficult to detect. Due to the limited number of research studies that have achieved these ends through text steganography, we present an innovative approach for hiding secret bits in Arabic text with Unicode Standard seamless. Our method uses the contextual forms of Arabic characters to hide certain secret bits. Extra characters such as Zero-Width Joiners (ZWJ), Kashida, Medium Mathematical Spaces (MMSPs), and Zero-Width Non-Joiners (ZWNJ) are also used to further enhance the method’s capacity without diminishing the data’s security. Our experimental results show that this technique outperforms similar methods with an average improvement in capacity of more than 50%. This technique also has a higher security ratio than the other methods in this study, with the exception of Method 5, and is robust against electronic text modifications such as copying, pasting, and text formatting. Moreover, our algorithm can be widely adopted in related languages, such as Urdu and Farsi, due to its utilization of Unicode characters, which is the encoding standard used in most of the world’s writing systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7ab37a28ae1f4d36bd71ec2de43c8d0d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1319-1578 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-7ab37a28ae1f4d36bd71ec2de43c8d0d2025-08-20T03:49:08ZengSpringerJournal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences1319-15782022-04-013441343135610.1016/j.jksuci.2020.04.011Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual usesNorah Alanazi0Esam Khan1Adnan Gutub2Computer Engineering Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaCustodian of the Two Holy Mosques Institute of the Hajj & Omrah Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaComputer Engineering Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.The need to protect confidential data stored on personal computers (PCs) or sent to other parties has increased significantly. Therefore, a secure, high-capacity strategy is needed to cover the data contained within media and make it difficult to detect. Due to the limited number of research studies that have achieved these ends through text steganography, we present an innovative approach for hiding secret bits in Arabic text with Unicode Standard seamless. Our method uses the contextual forms of Arabic characters to hide certain secret bits. Extra characters such as Zero-Width Joiners (ZWJ), Kashida, Medium Mathematical Spaces (MMSPs), and Zero-Width Non-Joiners (ZWNJ) are also used to further enhance the method’s capacity without diminishing the data’s security. Our experimental results show that this technique outperforms similar methods with an average improvement in capacity of more than 50%. This technique also has a higher security ratio than the other methods in this study, with the exception of Method 5, and is robust against electronic text modifications such as copying, pasting, and text formatting. Moreover, our algorithm can be widely adopted in related languages, such as Urdu and Farsi, due to its utilization of Unicode characters, which is the encoding standard used in most of the world’s writing systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319157820303463Arabic steganographyUnicode standardCapacityInformation securityWhitespace utilizationKashida |
| spellingShingle | Norah Alanazi Esam Khan Adnan Gutub Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences Arabic steganography Unicode standard Capacity Information security Whitespace utilization Kashida |
| title | Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| title_full | Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| title_fullStr | Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| title_short | Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| title_sort | inclusion of unicode standard seamless characters to expand arabic text steganography for secure individual uses |
| topic | Arabic steganography Unicode standard Capacity Information security Whitespace utilization Kashida |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319157820303463 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT norahalanazi inclusionofunicodestandardseamlesscharacterstoexpandarabictextsteganographyforsecureindividualuses AT esamkhan inclusionofunicodestandardseamlesscharacterstoexpandarabictextsteganographyforsecureindividualuses AT adnangutub inclusionofunicodestandardseamlesscharacterstoexpandarabictextsteganographyforsecureindividualuses |