Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors
IntroductionBovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition and a major health and economic concern in dairy production.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of five key bacterial pathogens—Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Trueperella pyogenes, Mycoplasma b...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1605045/full |
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| author | Sandra Barroso-Arévalo Michela Re José María San Miguel Ayanz Eugenia Peralta Val Alberto Alvarado-Piqueras Rocío Fernández-Valeriano Javier Blanco-Murcia |
| author_facet | Sandra Barroso-Arévalo Michela Re José María San Miguel Ayanz Eugenia Peralta Val Alberto Alvarado-Piqueras Rocío Fernández-Valeriano Javier Blanco-Murcia |
| author_sort | Sandra Barroso-Arévalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionBovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition and a major health and economic concern in dairy production.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of five key bacterial pathogens—Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Trueperella pyogenes, Mycoplasma bovis, and Histophilus somni—in Spanish dairy heifers and to evaluate the influence of seasonality, geographical location, farm size, and antibiotic use. In 2017, samples (deep nasopharyngeal swabs, transtracheal aspirates, and blood) were collected from 855 heifers (<12 months old) in 50 farms across Spain. Bacterial isolation and serological testing (ELISA) were performed.ResultsMycoplasma spp. showed the highest overall prevalence (26.7% at the individual level by culture; 75.7% of cultured farms), with PCR confirming M. bovis in 89% of Mycoplasma-positive farms. Serology revealed 16.3% individual-level positivity for M. bovis and 63% farm-level positivity. T. pyogenes was also notable, detected in 6.0% of animals (45% of farms). Lower isolation rates were observed for M. haemolytica (2.5%) and P. multocida (3.5%), while H. somni was not detected. Larger farm size, winter season, and certain regions were significantly associated with higher prevalence of M. bovis and T. pyogenes.DiscussionThese findings underscore the need for improved management practices—such as better ventilation, reduced stocking density, and targeted vaccination—to mitigate BRD risk in high-prevalence settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7a93ae44ca0144a2abb8129214fc7071 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-7a93ae44ca0144a2abb8129214fc70712025-08-20T02:38:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-06-011210.3389/fvets.2025.16050451605045Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factorsSandra Barroso-Arévalo0Michela Re1José María San Miguel Ayanz2Eugenia Peralta Val3Alberto Alvarado-Piqueras4Rocío Fernández-Valeriano5Javier Blanco-Murcia6Department of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainZoetis Spain S.L.U., Madrid, SpainZoetis Spain S.L.U., Madrid, SpainGroup of Rehabilitation of the Autochthonous Fauna and Their Habitat (GREFA), Wildlife Hospital, Madrid, SpainGroup of Rehabilitation of the Autochthonous Fauna and Their Habitat (GREFA), Wildlife Hospital, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainIntroductionBovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition and a major health and economic concern in dairy production.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of five key bacterial pathogens—Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Trueperella pyogenes, Mycoplasma bovis, and Histophilus somni—in Spanish dairy heifers and to evaluate the influence of seasonality, geographical location, farm size, and antibiotic use. In 2017, samples (deep nasopharyngeal swabs, transtracheal aspirates, and blood) were collected from 855 heifers (<12 months old) in 50 farms across Spain. Bacterial isolation and serological testing (ELISA) were performed.ResultsMycoplasma spp. showed the highest overall prevalence (26.7% at the individual level by culture; 75.7% of cultured farms), with PCR confirming M. bovis in 89% of Mycoplasma-positive farms. Serology revealed 16.3% individual-level positivity for M. bovis and 63% farm-level positivity. T. pyogenes was also notable, detected in 6.0% of animals (45% of farms). Lower isolation rates were observed for M. haemolytica (2.5%) and P. multocida (3.5%), while H. somni was not detected. Larger farm size, winter season, and certain regions were significantly associated with higher prevalence of M. bovis and T. pyogenes.DiscussionThese findings underscore the need for improved management practices—such as better ventilation, reduced stocking density, and targeted vaccination—to mitigate BRD risk in high-prevalence settings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1605045/fullbovine respiratory diseasebacterial prevalencedairy heifersMycoplasma bovisTrueperella pyogenesrisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Sandra Barroso-Arévalo Michela Re José María San Miguel Ayanz Eugenia Peralta Val Alberto Alvarado-Piqueras Rocío Fernández-Valeriano Javier Blanco-Murcia Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors Frontiers in Veterinary Science bovine respiratory disease bacterial prevalence dairy heifers Mycoplasma bovis Trueperella pyogenes risk factor |
| title | Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors |
| title_full | Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors |
| title_short | Prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in Spain: influence of environmental factors |
| title_sort | prevalence of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease in dairy heifers in spain influence of environmental factors |
| topic | bovine respiratory disease bacterial prevalence dairy heifers Mycoplasma bovis Trueperella pyogenes risk factor |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1605045/full |
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