Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study)
Objective To explore factors influencing UK medical students’ specialty choices and examine variations in these influences across demographic groups and stages of training.Design National, cross-sectional online survey.Setting All 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Parti...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e103061.full |
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| author | Jessica Lo Anna Collins Sophie West Daniel MaGee Sara Ali Tomas Ferreira Anson Wong Kavyesh Vivek Freya F Semple Benjamin French Riya Patel Guilherme Movio Andreas Stavrinou Tushar Rakhecha Alexander M Collins Oliver Feng Maeve K Mulchrone Heather A Lewis Sara Kidher Erin Fitzsimons-West Meghna Sreekumar Olivia King Malvi Shah Samantha Burley Basma R Khan Vaishvi Dalal Safa Razzaq Hugo Bernie Luke Dcaccia Olivia Rowe Ananya Jain Arthur Handscomb Sudhanvita Arun Alfaiya Hashmi Hannah Layton-Joyce Matilda Gardener Emily R Finbow Sakshi Roy Bilal Qureshi Khyatee Shah Mia Mäntylä Momina Iqbal Katie Appleton Yasmin Owadally Amelia Dickson Jack M Read Chiamaka Anthony-Okeke Rida Khan Shama Maliha Catherine L Otoibhi Sophie Kidd Muhammed Asif Tawfique Rizwan Aleksandra Dunin-Borkowska James Brawn Ayeza Akhtar Medha Pillaai Sakshi Garg Ria Bhatt Ben Sweeney Cameron Thurlow Alyssa Weissman Chloe Milton Samuel Foxcroft James A Cairn Leah Njenje Daniel C Chalk Jessica Sinyor Ryan White Krishnika Vetrivel Muhammad Hamza Shah Emily Bolton Amelia Fortescue Ella Plumb Megan Fallows Ioan Valnarov-Boulter Hsuan-Tung Kuo Aryan A Sagdeo Bethany McDermott Michael Y Luo Sharon Yuen Shan Ho Lubana Hemayet Dora Pascoe Leya Luhar Rakeem Khalid Basith Mayisha Samiha Molly Doyle Flora E MacInnes Yasmin Al-Rawi Manuel Giardino Maisha Hayat Anjali Cyril Rivya Mathews Ashleigh Stirling Adam Mohamed Capdevila Zulaikha Bibi Mackenzie F Garlick Lily Chadwick Fariha Hasan Zoe Mary Constantinou Beray Berkay Joseph Nicholson Louis R Dowland Tan Jit Yih Dev Ranka Kajoke M S Avolonto Elliot Skittrall Madison Gill Humaira Khanom Jonathan Craven Harini Elankhumaren Hannah Glover-Adams Ishagit Kaur Maia C Letts Hesham Zalghana Urja Ashish Mhatre Nikita Sanctis Sundaramoorthy Balasubramanian Saimathusan Sivakandarajah Sourab Chand Surana Rosemary M Davis Daria Maria Bageac Ibrahem Al-Obaidi Subham Roy Mohammed Suhaib Amin Tessa Yau Pakhi Goel Abderrahmane El Guernaoui David Gringras Soo Sun Chong Aaliyah J Bax Rachelle Thevathas Ajwa Fayaz Pranjil Pokharel Vera Onongaya Phoebe Hatrick Rhiannon Tanner India R Barrons Louis Naraine Artemis Prevot Muaawiyah Shaheen Farah Ahmed Mathumetha Rubaratnam Harsh Sai Modalavalasa Sushmhitah Sandanatavan Anhukrisha Karthikeyan Saarah Saanan Khan Gregory A Rowland Alexa McCloskey Nidhi Sachidananda Lydia Melaku Vyom Patel Iliyah Shahbeik Jui Kanetkar Hannah Bolton Timo L Kuerten Emily Carver Mairi C Docherty Nabilah Ali Shereen Ahmad Shiksha Guru Anushka Pujari Khadijah Khan Sewa A Badejo Ellena K Briggs Raghad A F Sallama Emma Marsh Brandon S H Low Laura A E Munn Ahamed Hafeezul Nashith Ahamed Rizwaan Carys M. Francis Ali Hamed Mahmood Al-Nakeeb Michael E. Bryan Sydney LA Barnes Tommy Wai Kei LI |
| author_facet | Jessica Lo Anna Collins Sophie West Daniel MaGee Sara Ali Tomas Ferreira Anson Wong Kavyesh Vivek Freya F Semple Benjamin French Riya Patel Guilherme Movio Andreas Stavrinou Tushar Rakhecha Alexander M Collins Oliver Feng Maeve K Mulchrone Heather A Lewis Sara Kidher Erin Fitzsimons-West Meghna Sreekumar Olivia King Malvi Shah Samantha Burley Basma R Khan Vaishvi Dalal Safa Razzaq Hugo Bernie Luke Dcaccia Olivia Rowe Ananya Jain Arthur Handscomb Sudhanvita Arun Alfaiya Hashmi Hannah Layton-Joyce Matilda Gardener Emily R Finbow Sakshi Roy Bilal Qureshi Khyatee Shah Mia Mäntylä Momina Iqbal Katie Appleton Yasmin Owadally Amelia Dickson Jack M Read Chiamaka Anthony-Okeke Rida Khan Shama Maliha Catherine L Otoibhi Sophie Kidd Muhammed Asif Tawfique Rizwan Aleksandra Dunin-Borkowska James Brawn Ayeza Akhtar Medha Pillaai Sakshi Garg Ria Bhatt Ben Sweeney Cameron Thurlow Alyssa Weissman Chloe Milton Samuel Foxcroft James A Cairn Leah Njenje Daniel C Chalk Jessica Sinyor Ryan White Krishnika Vetrivel Muhammad Hamza Shah Emily Bolton Amelia Fortescue Ella Plumb Megan Fallows Ioan Valnarov-Boulter Hsuan-Tung Kuo Aryan A Sagdeo Bethany McDermott Michael Y Luo Sharon Yuen Shan Ho Lubana Hemayet Dora Pascoe Leya Luhar Rakeem Khalid Basith Mayisha Samiha Molly Doyle Flora E MacInnes Yasmin Al-Rawi Manuel Giardino Maisha Hayat Anjali Cyril Rivya Mathews Ashleigh Stirling Adam Mohamed Capdevila Zulaikha Bibi Mackenzie F Garlick Lily Chadwick Fariha Hasan Zoe Mary Constantinou Beray Berkay Joseph Nicholson Louis R Dowland Tan Jit Yih Dev Ranka Kajoke M S Avolonto Elliot Skittrall Madison Gill Humaira Khanom Jonathan Craven Harini Elankhumaren Hannah Glover-Adams Ishagit Kaur Maia C Letts Hesham Zalghana Urja Ashish Mhatre Nikita Sanctis Sundaramoorthy Balasubramanian Saimathusan Sivakandarajah Sourab Chand Surana Rosemary M Davis Daria Maria Bageac Ibrahem Al-Obaidi Subham Roy Mohammed Suhaib Amin Tessa Yau Pakhi Goel Abderrahmane El Guernaoui David Gringras Soo Sun Chong Aaliyah J Bax Rachelle Thevathas Ajwa Fayaz Pranjil Pokharel Vera Onongaya Phoebe Hatrick Rhiannon Tanner India R Barrons Louis Naraine Artemis Prevot Muaawiyah Shaheen Farah Ahmed Mathumetha Rubaratnam Harsh Sai Modalavalasa Sushmhitah Sandanatavan Anhukrisha Karthikeyan Saarah Saanan Khan Gregory A Rowland Alexa McCloskey Nidhi Sachidananda Lydia Melaku Vyom Patel Iliyah Shahbeik Jui Kanetkar Hannah Bolton Timo L Kuerten Emily Carver Mairi C Docherty Nabilah Ali Shereen Ahmad Shiksha Guru Anushka Pujari Khadijah Khan Sewa A Badejo Ellena K Briggs Raghad A F Sallama Emma Marsh Brandon S H Low Laura A E Munn Ahamed Hafeezul Nashith Ahamed Rizwaan Carys M. Francis Ali Hamed Mahmood Al-Nakeeb Michael E. Bryan Sydney LA Barnes Tommy Wai Kei LI |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective To explore factors influencing UK medical students’ specialty choices and examine variations in these influences across demographic groups and stages of training.Design National, cross-sectional online survey.Setting All 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Participants 8,395 medical students.Primary and secondary outcomes The primary outcome was the specialty preferences of UK medical students. The secondary outcomes were factors behind these preferences and how these factors vary across demographic groups and different stages of training.Results General Practice (15.3%), Paediatrics (10.6%) and Anaesthetics (9.9%) were the most preferred specialties among final-year students. Work-life balance (84.1%), compatibility with family life (78.2%), positive training experiences (85.2%) and future specialty outlook (74.9%) were key factors influencing specialty choice. Only 23.1% of students felt confident about securing a specialty training post, with confidence higher among males (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.52, p<0.0001) and privately educated students (OR 1.18, CI 1.03 to 1.35, p=0.02). Males were also more certain about their career choices (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.31, p<0.0001). Confidence in securing a training place was positively associated with extracurricular achievements, including having a PubMed-indexed publication (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.00, p<0.0001).Conclusions This study highlights disparities in specialty preferences and influencing factors among UK medical students. A focus on improving career guidance, exposure to various specialties and supporting equitable access to training opportunities is essential for fostering a motivated and sustainable medical workforce. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7a87408fdc4d4b1183fcce456e7d5144 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-7a87408fdc4d4b1183fcce456e7d51442025-08-20T03:41:12ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-08-0115810.1136/bmjopen-2025-103061Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) Jessica LoAnna CollinsSophie WestDaniel MaGeeSara AliTomas Ferreira0Anson WongKavyesh VivekFreya F SempleBenjamin French1Riya PatelGuilherme MovioAndreas StavrinouTushar RakhechaAlexander M Collins2Oliver Feng3Maeve K MulchroneHeather A LewisSara KidherErin Fitzsimons-WestMeghna SreekumarOlivia KingMalvi ShahSamantha BurleyBasma R KhanVaishvi DalalSafa RazzaqHugo BernieLuke DcacciaOlivia RoweAnanya JainArthur Handscomb4Sudhanvita ArunAlfaiya HashmiHannah Layton-JoyceMatilda GardenerEmily R FinbowSakshi RoyBilal QureshiKhyatee ShahMia MäntyläMomina IqbalKatie AppletonYasmin OwadallyAmelia DicksonJack M ReadChiamaka Anthony-OkekeRida KhanShama MalihaCatherine L OtoibhiSophie KiddMuhammed AsifTawfique RizwanAleksandra Dunin-BorkowskaJames BrawnAyeza AkhtarMedha PillaaiSakshi GargRia Bhatt Ben SweeneyCameron ThurlowAlyssa WeissmanChloe MiltonSamuel FoxcroftJames A CairnLeah NjenjeDaniel C ChalkJessica SinyorRyan WhiteKrishnika VetrivelMuhammad Hamza ShahEmily Bolton5Amelia Fortescue6Ella Plumb7Megan FallowsIoan Valnarov-BoulterHsuan-Tung KuoAryan A SagdeoBethany McDermottMichael Y LuoSharon Yuen Shan HoLubana HemayetDora PascoeLeya LuharRakeem Khalid BasithMayisha SamihaMolly DoyleFlora E MacInnesYasmin Al-RawiManuel GiardinoMaisha HayatAnjali CyrilRivya MathewsAshleigh StirlingAdam Mohamed CapdevilaZulaikha BibiMackenzie F GarlickLily ChadwickFariha HasanZoe Mary ConstantinouBeray BerkayJoseph NicholsonLouis R DowlandTan Jit YihDev RankaKajoke M S AvolontoElliot SkittrallMadison GillHumaira KhanomJonathan CravenHarini ElankhumarenHannah Glover-AdamsIshagit KaurMaia C LettsHesham ZalghanaUrja Ashish MhatreNikita SanctisSundaramoorthy BalasubramanianSaimathusan SivakandarajahSourab Chand SuranaRosemary M DavisDaria Maria BageacIbrahem Al-ObaidiSubham RoyMohammed Suhaib AminTessa YauPakhi GoelAbderrahmane El GuernaouiDavid GringrasSoo Sun ChongAaliyah J BaxRachelle ThevathasAjwa FayazPranjil Pokharel Vera OnongayaPhoebe HatrickRhiannon TannerIndia R BarronsLouis NaraineArtemis PrevotMuaawiyah ShaheenFarah AhmedMathumetha RubaratnamHarsh Sai ModalavalasaSushmhitah SandanatavanAnhukrisha KarthikeyanSaarah Saanan KhanGregory A RowlandAlexa McCloskeyNidhi SachidanandaLydia MelakuVyom PatelIliyah ShahbeikJui KanetkarHannah BoltonTimo L KuertenEmily CarverMairi C DochertyNabilah AliShereen AhmadShiksha GuruAnushka PujariKhadijah KhanSewa A BadejoEllena K BriggsRaghad A F SallamaEmma MarshBrandon S H LowLaura A E MunnAhamed Hafeezul Nashith Ahamed RizwaanCarys M. FrancisAli Hamed Mahmood Al-NakeebMichael E. BryanSydney LA BarnesTommy Wai Kei LIUniversity of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UKUniversity of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UKUniversity of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UKDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UKQueen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UKUniversity of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UKUniversity of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UKSt George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKObjective To explore factors influencing UK medical students’ specialty choices and examine variations in these influences across demographic groups and stages of training.Design National, cross-sectional online survey.Setting All 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Participants 8,395 medical students.Primary and secondary outcomes The primary outcome was the specialty preferences of UK medical students. The secondary outcomes were factors behind these preferences and how these factors vary across demographic groups and different stages of training.Results General Practice (15.3%), Paediatrics (10.6%) and Anaesthetics (9.9%) were the most preferred specialties among final-year students. Work-life balance (84.1%), compatibility with family life (78.2%), positive training experiences (85.2%) and future specialty outlook (74.9%) were key factors influencing specialty choice. Only 23.1% of students felt confident about securing a specialty training post, with confidence higher among males (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.52, p<0.0001) and privately educated students (OR 1.18, CI 1.03 to 1.35, p=0.02). Males were also more certain about their career choices (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.31, p<0.0001). Confidence in securing a training place was positively associated with extracurricular achievements, including having a PubMed-indexed publication (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.00, p<0.0001).Conclusions This study highlights disparities in specialty preferences and influencing factors among UK medical students. A focus on improving career guidance, exposure to various specialties and supporting equitable access to training opportunities is essential for fostering a motivated and sustainable medical workforce.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e103061.full |
| spellingShingle | Jessica Lo Anna Collins Sophie West Daniel MaGee Sara Ali Tomas Ferreira Anson Wong Kavyesh Vivek Freya F Semple Benjamin French Riya Patel Guilherme Movio Andreas Stavrinou Tushar Rakhecha Alexander M Collins Oliver Feng Maeve K Mulchrone Heather A Lewis Sara Kidher Erin Fitzsimons-West Meghna Sreekumar Olivia King Malvi Shah Samantha Burley Basma R Khan Vaishvi Dalal Safa Razzaq Hugo Bernie Luke Dcaccia Olivia Rowe Ananya Jain Arthur Handscomb Sudhanvita Arun Alfaiya Hashmi Hannah Layton-Joyce Matilda Gardener Emily R Finbow Sakshi Roy Bilal Qureshi Khyatee Shah Mia Mäntylä Momina Iqbal Katie Appleton Yasmin Owadally Amelia Dickson Jack M Read Chiamaka Anthony-Okeke Rida Khan Shama Maliha Catherine L Otoibhi Sophie Kidd Muhammed Asif Tawfique Rizwan Aleksandra Dunin-Borkowska James Brawn Ayeza Akhtar Medha Pillaai Sakshi Garg Ria Bhatt Ben Sweeney Cameron Thurlow Alyssa Weissman Chloe Milton Samuel Foxcroft James A Cairn Leah Njenje Daniel C Chalk Jessica Sinyor Ryan White Krishnika Vetrivel Muhammad Hamza Shah Emily Bolton Amelia Fortescue Ella Plumb Megan Fallows Ioan Valnarov-Boulter Hsuan-Tung Kuo Aryan A Sagdeo Bethany McDermott Michael Y Luo Sharon Yuen Shan Ho Lubana Hemayet Dora Pascoe Leya Luhar Rakeem Khalid Basith Mayisha Samiha Molly Doyle Flora E MacInnes Yasmin Al-Rawi Manuel Giardino Maisha Hayat Anjali Cyril Rivya Mathews Ashleigh Stirling Adam Mohamed Capdevila Zulaikha Bibi Mackenzie F Garlick Lily Chadwick Fariha Hasan Zoe Mary Constantinou Beray Berkay Joseph Nicholson Louis R Dowland Tan Jit Yih Dev Ranka Kajoke M S Avolonto Elliot Skittrall Madison Gill Humaira Khanom Jonathan Craven Harini Elankhumaren Hannah Glover-Adams Ishagit Kaur Maia C Letts Hesham Zalghana Urja Ashish Mhatre Nikita Sanctis Sundaramoorthy Balasubramanian Saimathusan Sivakandarajah Sourab Chand Surana Rosemary M Davis Daria Maria Bageac Ibrahem Al-Obaidi Subham Roy Mohammed Suhaib Amin Tessa Yau Pakhi Goel Abderrahmane El Guernaoui David Gringras Soo Sun Chong Aaliyah J Bax Rachelle Thevathas Ajwa Fayaz Pranjil Pokharel Vera Onongaya Phoebe Hatrick Rhiannon Tanner India R Barrons Louis Naraine Artemis Prevot Muaawiyah Shaheen Farah Ahmed Mathumetha Rubaratnam Harsh Sai Modalavalasa Sushmhitah Sandanatavan Anhukrisha Karthikeyan Saarah Saanan Khan Gregory A Rowland Alexa McCloskey Nidhi Sachidananda Lydia Melaku Vyom Patel Iliyah Shahbeik Jui Kanetkar Hannah Bolton Timo L Kuerten Emily Carver Mairi C Docherty Nabilah Ali Shereen Ahmad Shiksha Guru Anushka Pujari Khadijah Khan Sewa A Badejo Ellena K Briggs Raghad A F Sallama Emma Marsh Brandon S H Low Laura A E Munn Ahamed Hafeezul Nashith Ahamed Rizwaan Carys M. Francis Ali Hamed Mahmood Al-Nakeeb Michael E. Bryan Sydney LA Barnes Tommy Wai Kei LI Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) BMJ Open |
| title | Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) |
| title_full | Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) |
| title_fullStr | Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) |
| title_short | Specialty choices among UK medical students: certainty, confidence and key influences—a national survey (FAST Study) |
| title_sort | specialty choices among uk medical students certainty confidence and key influences a national survey fast study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e103061.full |
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