Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome
<i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, which causes high morbidity and mortality in pigs worldwide. Macrolide resistance poses an urgent threat to their treatment, as macrolides are widely used for preventing and treating <i>G. parasuis</i>...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Peng Zhang Changmin Li Shuna Shang Ting Huang Junqi Liu Qianwen Ge Xiaoping Liao Liangxing Fang Yang Yu |
| author_facet | Peng Zhang Changmin Li Shuna Shang Ting Huang Junqi Liu Qianwen Ge Xiaoping Liao Liangxing Fang Yang Yu |
| author_sort | Peng Zhang |
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| description | <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, which causes high morbidity and mortality in pigs worldwide. Macrolide resistance poses an urgent threat to their treatment, as macrolides are widely used for preventing and treating <i>G. parasuis</i> infections. Here, we determined the susceptibilities to five macrolides and characterized the genetic markers of macrolide resistance. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 117 <i>G. parasuis</i> isolates to erythromycin, tulathromycin, gamithromycin, tylosin, and tilmicosin was evaluated using broth microdilution method. Erythromycin-resistant isolates were sequenced using whole-genome sequencing. Further analysis of these sequences revealed the genetic basis of macrolide resistance in <i>G. parasuis</i>. Our results show that most <i>G. parasuis</i> isolates remained susceptible to the macrolide drugs. For commonly used agents (e.g., tylosin and tilmicosin), elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were observed, whereas for the newer macrolides (e.g., tulathromycin and gamithromycin), the MICs remained almost unchanged. The macrolide resistance gene <i>erm</i>(T) and the A2059G mutation in 23S rRNA were detected in the current study. To the best of our knowledge, integrative and conjugative element (ICE)-borne <i>erm</i>(T) in <i>G. parasuis</i> is reported for the first time in this study. Taken together, these results provide insights into the susceptibility of <i>G. parasuis</i> to macrolides. The presence of <i>erm</i>(T) on ICEs may facilitate its transfer, reducing the effectiveness of macrolide treatment. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-7a75ff4e58834f548b967b78ccbd52372025-01-24T13:17:51ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115216410.3390/ani15020164Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on ChromosomePeng Zhang0Changmin Li1Shuna Shang2Ting Huang3Junqi Liu4Qianwen Ge5Xiaoping Liao6Liangxing Fang7Yang Yu8National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaVeterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China<i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, which causes high morbidity and mortality in pigs worldwide. Macrolide resistance poses an urgent threat to their treatment, as macrolides are widely used for preventing and treating <i>G. parasuis</i> infections. Here, we determined the susceptibilities to five macrolides and characterized the genetic markers of macrolide resistance. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 117 <i>G. parasuis</i> isolates to erythromycin, tulathromycin, gamithromycin, tylosin, and tilmicosin was evaluated using broth microdilution method. Erythromycin-resistant isolates were sequenced using whole-genome sequencing. Further analysis of these sequences revealed the genetic basis of macrolide resistance in <i>G. parasuis</i>. Our results show that most <i>G. parasuis</i> isolates remained susceptible to the macrolide drugs. For commonly used agents (e.g., tylosin and tilmicosin), elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were observed, whereas for the newer macrolides (e.g., tulathromycin and gamithromycin), the MICs remained almost unchanged. The macrolide resistance gene <i>erm</i>(T) and the A2059G mutation in 23S rRNA were detected in the current study. To the best of our knowledge, integrative and conjugative element (ICE)-borne <i>erm</i>(T) in <i>G. parasuis</i> is reported for the first time in this study. Taken together, these results provide insights into the susceptibility of <i>G. parasuis</i> to macrolides. The presence of <i>erm</i>(T) on ICEs may facilitate its transfer, reducing the effectiveness of macrolide treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/164<i>Glaesserella parasuis</i>macrolide resistance<i>erm</i>(T)integrative and conjugative element |
| spellingShingle | Peng Zhang Changmin Li Shuna Shang Ting Huang Junqi Liu Qianwen Ge Xiaoping Liao Liangxing Fang Yang Yu Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome Animals <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> macrolide resistance <i>erm</i>(T) integrative and conjugative element |
| title | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome |
| title_sort | antimicrobial susceptibility of i glaesserella parasuis i to macrolides and characterization of i erm i t carrying mobile elements on chromosome |
| topic | <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> macrolide resistance <i>erm</i>(T) integrative and conjugative element |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/164 |
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