Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with intraoperative hypertension and new-onset electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in hypertensive patients undergoing tooth extraction. Materials and methods This case-control study included 2,059 cases of tooth extractio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yifan Yang, Wenying Wang, Ying Ji, Xiangliang Xu, Chengge Liu, Jingyi Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06076-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849725121824030720
author Yifan Yang
Wenying Wang
Ying Ji
Xiangliang Xu
Chengge Liu
Jingyi Li
author_facet Yifan Yang
Wenying Wang
Ying Ji
Xiangliang Xu
Chengge Liu
Jingyi Li
author_sort Yifan Yang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with intraoperative hypertension and new-onset electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in hypertensive patients undergoing tooth extraction. Materials and methods This case-control study included 2,059 cases of tooth extractions performed in hypertensive patients under intraoperative ECG monitoring at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at four key time points. We specifically analyzed patients who required antihypertensive intervention and those with new-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities, employing logistic regression to identify independent risk factors. Additionally, ROC curves were used to determine the optimal cutoff points for linear variables, thereby developing the most effective predictive model. Results A total of 8.01% of patients required temporary intraoperative antihypertensive medication for blood pressure control, while 37.20% exhibited transient intraoperative ECG abnormalities. Only two cases resulted in temporary procedure termination due to inadequate blood pressure control, while all other procedures were successfully completed. Preoperative systolic blood pressure(SBP) ≥ 159 mmHg (AUC = 0.91, Sensitivity = 84.24%, Specificity = 88.75%) and operative time (OR = 3.620, P<0.001) were significantly associated with intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations. In addition, sex (OR = 0.796, P = 0.019), age (OR = 1.024, P < 0.001), history of cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.301, P = 0.020), SBP at the start of the operation (OR = 1.011, P = 0.006), number of teeth extracted per session (OR = 1.182, P < 0.001), and estimated operative time (OR = 1.236, P = 0.017) were all significantly associated with new-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities. Conclusions Intraoperative hypertension was strongly associated with preoperative SBP ≥ 159 mmHg and prolonged operative time. New-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities were significantly associated with both patient-related factors (age, sex, cerebrovascular disease, baseline BP) and procedural variables (number of teeth extracted, and operative time). Clinical relevance This study provides evidence-based recommendations for optimizing cardiovascular risk management in hypertensive patients undergoing oral procedures, highlighting the need for individualized monitoring strategies.
format Article
id doaj-art-7a67291619b24f659a0fb823a179eb9d
institution DOAJ
issn 1472-6831
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Oral Health
spelling doaj-art-7a67291619b24f659a0fb823a179eb9d2025-08-20T03:10:32ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-06-0125111010.1186/s12903-025-06076-1Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective studyYifan Yang0Wenying Wang1Ying Ji2Xiangliang Xu3Chengge Liu4Jingyi Li5Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National ClinicalResearch Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National ClinicalSchool of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, Peking UniversityResearch Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National ClinicalResearch Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National ClinicalResearch Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National ClinicalAbstract Objectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with intraoperative hypertension and new-onset electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in hypertensive patients undergoing tooth extraction. Materials and methods This case-control study included 2,059 cases of tooth extractions performed in hypertensive patients under intraoperative ECG monitoring at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at four key time points. We specifically analyzed patients who required antihypertensive intervention and those with new-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities, employing logistic regression to identify independent risk factors. Additionally, ROC curves were used to determine the optimal cutoff points for linear variables, thereby developing the most effective predictive model. Results A total of 8.01% of patients required temporary intraoperative antihypertensive medication for blood pressure control, while 37.20% exhibited transient intraoperative ECG abnormalities. Only two cases resulted in temporary procedure termination due to inadequate blood pressure control, while all other procedures were successfully completed. Preoperative systolic blood pressure(SBP) ≥ 159 mmHg (AUC = 0.91, Sensitivity = 84.24%, Specificity = 88.75%) and operative time (OR = 3.620, P<0.001) were significantly associated with intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations. In addition, sex (OR = 0.796, P = 0.019), age (OR = 1.024, P < 0.001), history of cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.301, P = 0.020), SBP at the start of the operation (OR = 1.011, P = 0.006), number of teeth extracted per session (OR = 1.182, P < 0.001), and estimated operative time (OR = 1.236, P = 0.017) were all significantly associated with new-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities. Conclusions Intraoperative hypertension was strongly associated with preoperative SBP ≥ 159 mmHg and prolonged operative time. New-onset intraoperative ECG abnormalities were significantly associated with both patient-related factors (age, sex, cerebrovascular disease, baseline BP) and procedural variables (number of teeth extracted, and operative time). Clinical relevance This study provides evidence-based recommendations for optimizing cardiovascular risk management in hypertensive patients undergoing oral procedures, highlighting the need for individualized monitoring strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06076-1HypertensionTooth extractionCardiovascular riskElectrocardiographic monitoring
spellingShingle Yifan Yang
Wenying Wang
Ying Ji
Xiangliang Xu
Chengge Liu
Jingyi Li
Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
BMC Oral Health
Hypertension
Tooth extraction
Cardiovascular risk
Electrocardiographic monitoring
title Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
title_full Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
title_fullStr Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
title_short Risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ECG monitoring: a single-center retrospective study
title_sort risk analysis of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients under ecg monitoring a single center retrospective study
topic Hypertension
Tooth extraction
Cardiovascular risk
Electrocardiographic monitoring
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06076-1
work_keys_str_mv AT yifanyang riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT wenyingwang riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT yingji riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT xiangliangxu riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT chenggeliu riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT jingyili riskanalysisoftoothextractioninhypertensivepatientsunderecgmonitoringasinglecenterretrospectivestudy