Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Management of second-trimester placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is currently center-dependent with minimal evidence-based practices. This study aims to analyze outcomes of hysterectomy as second-trimester active management (AM) versus cesarean hysterectom...

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Main Authors: Jessian L. Munoz, Rachel Counts, Amanda E. Lacue, Kayla E. Ireland, Patrick S. Ramsey, Kristyn Brandi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Medicina
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/113
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author Jessian L. Munoz
Rachel Counts
Amanda E. Lacue
Kayla E. Ireland
Patrick S. Ramsey
Kristyn Brandi
author_facet Jessian L. Munoz
Rachel Counts
Amanda E. Lacue
Kayla E. Ireland
Patrick S. Ramsey
Kristyn Brandi
author_sort Jessian L. Munoz
collection DOAJ
description <i>Background and Objectives:</i> Management of second-trimester placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is currently center-dependent with minimal evidence-based practices. This study aims to analyze outcomes of hysterectomy as second-trimester active management (AM) versus cesarean hysterectomy as expectant management (EM) in cases of PAS with intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> This study is a retrospective case-control study of patients with a pathology-confirmed diagnosis of PAS managed at a single center over 16 years (2005–2020). All cases were diagnosed during the first or second trimester by ultrasonography and managed by the same multidisciplinary team with delivery within the second trimester. <i>Results</i>: Thirty-four patients with PAS were diagnosed and delivered by the second trimester. Of these, (41.1%) elected for active management and 20 (58.9%) for expectant management but ultimately required delivery prior to 28 weeks’ gestation. Baseline demographics were similar between groups. Intraoperatively, no differences were noted in operative time (191.5 vs. 203 min, <i>p</i> = 0.85), blood loss (2300 vs. 2600 cc, <i>p</i> = 0.85), or incidental cystotomy (1 vs. 7, <i>p</i> = 0.10). Postoperative length of stay was similar (3 vs. 3.5 days, <i>p</i> = 0.28), and ICU admission was not statistically different (6 vs. 12, <i>p</i> = 0.48). <i>Conclusions</i>: This retrospective study suggests that when hysterectomy is planned, there is no difference in maternal outcomes and morbidity with an expectant management with cesarean hysterectomy in the second trimester compared to proactive cesarean hysterectomy.
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spelling doaj-art-7a229f742be64944aafa2d721a42cc862025-01-24T13:40:40ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-01-0161111310.3390/medicina61010113Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)Jessian L. Munoz0Rachel Counts1Amanda E. Lacue2Kayla E. Ireland3Patrick S. Ramsey4Kristyn Brandi5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Division of Fetal Intervention, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USADepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USADepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USADepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Management of second-trimester placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is currently center-dependent with minimal evidence-based practices. This study aims to analyze outcomes of hysterectomy as second-trimester active management (AM) versus cesarean hysterectomy as expectant management (EM) in cases of PAS with intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> This study is a retrospective case-control study of patients with a pathology-confirmed diagnosis of PAS managed at a single center over 16 years (2005–2020). All cases were diagnosed during the first or second trimester by ultrasonography and managed by the same multidisciplinary team with delivery within the second trimester. <i>Results</i>: Thirty-four patients with PAS were diagnosed and delivered by the second trimester. Of these, (41.1%) elected for active management and 20 (58.9%) for expectant management but ultimately required delivery prior to 28 weeks’ gestation. Baseline demographics were similar between groups. Intraoperatively, no differences were noted in operative time (191.5 vs. 203 min, <i>p</i> = 0.85), blood loss (2300 vs. 2600 cc, <i>p</i> = 0.85), or incidental cystotomy (1 vs. 7, <i>p</i> = 0.10). Postoperative length of stay was similar (3 vs. 3.5 days, <i>p</i> = 0.28), and ICU admission was not statistically different (6 vs. 12, <i>p</i> = 0.48). <i>Conclusions</i>: This retrospective study suggests that when hysterectomy is planned, there is no difference in maternal outcomes and morbidity with an expectant management with cesarean hysterectomy in the second trimester compared to proactive cesarean hysterectomy.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/113abnormal placentationcesarean hysterectomycesarean sectionmaternal morbidityplacenta accreta
spellingShingle Jessian L. Munoz
Rachel Counts
Amanda E. Lacue
Kayla E. Ireland
Patrick S. Ramsey
Kristyn Brandi
Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
Medicina
abnormal placentation
cesarean hysterectomy
cesarean section
maternal morbidity
placenta accreta
title Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
title_full Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
title_fullStr Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
title_full_unstemmed Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
title_short Surgical Outcomes and Associated Morbidity of Active and Expectant Management of Second-Trimester Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS)
title_sort surgical outcomes and associated morbidity of active and expectant management of second trimester placenta accreta spectrum pas
topic abnormal placentation
cesarean hysterectomy
cesarean section
maternal morbidity
placenta accreta
url https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/113
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