Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells
Preconditioning triggers endogenous protection against subsequent exposure to higher concentrations of a neurotoxin. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to oleanolic acid (OA) enhances the protective effects of preconditioning on PC12 cells exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). A concen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Parkinson's Disease |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/929854 |
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| author | Babongile C. Ndlovu Willie M. U. Daniels Musa V. Mabandla |
| author_facet | Babongile C. Ndlovu Willie M. U. Daniels Musa V. Mabandla |
| author_sort | Babongile C. Ndlovu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preconditioning triggers endogenous protection against subsequent exposure to higher concentrations of a neurotoxin. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to oleanolic acid (OA) enhances the protective effects of preconditioning on PC12 cells exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). A concentration response curve was constructed using 6-OHDA (50, 150, 300, and 600 μM). The experiment consisted of 6 groups: untreated, OA only, Group 1: cells treated with 6-OHDA (50 μM) for 1 hour, Group 2: cells treated with 6-OHDA (150 μM) for 1 hour, Group 3: cells treated with 6-OHDA (50 μM) for 30 minutes followed 6 hours later by treatment with 6-OHDA (150 μM) for 30 minutes, and Group 4: cells treated as in group 3 but also received OA immediately after the second 6-OHDA treatment. Cell viability and apoptotic ratio were assessed using the MTT and Annexin V staining tests, respectively. In preconditioned cells, we found that cell viability remained high following exposure to 6-OHDA (150 μM). OA treatment enhanced the protective effects of preconditioning. Similarly, with the annexin V apoptosis test, preconditioning protected the cell and this was enhanced by OA. Therefore, preexposure of PC12 cells to low 6-OHDA concentration can protect against subsequent toxic insults of 6-OHDA and OA enhances this protection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7a1c1d675ceb413f9edd7318acbd2b57 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8083 2042-0080 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parkinson's Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-7a1c1d675ceb413f9edd7318acbd2b572025-08-20T03:35:47ZengWileyParkinson's Disease2090-80832042-00802014-01-01201410.1155/2014/929854929854Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 CellsBabongile C. Ndlovu0Willie M. U. Daniels1Musa V. Mabandla2Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South AfricaDepartment of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South AfricaDepartment of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South AfricaPreconditioning triggers endogenous protection against subsequent exposure to higher concentrations of a neurotoxin. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to oleanolic acid (OA) enhances the protective effects of preconditioning on PC12 cells exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). A concentration response curve was constructed using 6-OHDA (50, 150, 300, and 600 μM). The experiment consisted of 6 groups: untreated, OA only, Group 1: cells treated with 6-OHDA (50 μM) for 1 hour, Group 2: cells treated with 6-OHDA (150 μM) for 1 hour, Group 3: cells treated with 6-OHDA (50 μM) for 30 minutes followed 6 hours later by treatment with 6-OHDA (150 μM) for 30 minutes, and Group 4: cells treated as in group 3 but also received OA immediately after the second 6-OHDA treatment. Cell viability and apoptotic ratio were assessed using the MTT and Annexin V staining tests, respectively. In preconditioned cells, we found that cell viability remained high following exposure to 6-OHDA (150 μM). OA treatment enhanced the protective effects of preconditioning. Similarly, with the annexin V apoptosis test, preconditioning protected the cell and this was enhanced by OA. Therefore, preexposure of PC12 cells to low 6-OHDA concentration can protect against subsequent toxic insults of 6-OHDA and OA enhances this protection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/929854 |
| spellingShingle | Babongile C. Ndlovu Willie M. U. Daniels Musa V. Mabandla Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells Parkinson's Disease |
| title | Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells |
| title_full | Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells |
| title_short | Oleanolic Acid Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Preconditioning on PC12 Cells |
| title_sort | oleanolic acid enhances the beneficial effects of preconditioning on pc12 cells |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/929854 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT babongilecndlovu oleanolicacidenhancesthebeneficialeffectsofpreconditioningonpc12cells AT williemudaniels oleanolicacidenhancesthebeneficialeffectsofpreconditioningonpc12cells AT musavmabandla oleanolicacidenhancesthebeneficialeffectsofpreconditioningonpc12cells |