<p id="para1">Epilepsy affects between 5 and 10 people in a 1,000 and carries considerable morbidity and premature mortality. The complex inheritance pattern of a lowered seizure threshold is not fully understood but is likely to be polygenic. In the majority of people with epilepsy,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ana Paula Bartmann, Josemir W. Sander
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Revinter Publicações 2013-03-01
Series:Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2013000300180
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Summary:<p id="para1">Epilepsy affects between 5 and 10 people in a 1,000 and carries considerable morbidity and premature mortality. The complex inheritance pattern of a lowered seizure threshold is not fully understood but is likely to be polygenic. In the majority of people with epilepsy, we do not understand the pathophysiology, how a seizure is triggered, and how it can be prevented. In the centennial year of the discovery of the antiepileptic properties of phenobarbital, we have over 20 antiepileptic drugs; however, none have dramatically changed the long-term prognosis of the condition. The cascade of events triggering epilepsy is likely to vary greatly among individuals. The hope for the future is a shift of paradigm away from the symptomatic approach that currently exists. Indeed, once epileptogenesis is fully understood, treatment can be targeted at specific mechanisms, and then we will have truly disease-modifying therapies.<br><p id="para2">A epilepsia afeta entre 5 e 10 em cada 1.000 pessoas, e est&#225; associada a comorbidades e mortalidade prematura. O complexo padr&#227;o de heran&#231;a, possivelmente polig&#234;nico, para baixo limiar convulsivo, ainda n&#227;o &#233; bem compreendido. Na maioria das pessoas com epilepsia ainda n&#227;o entendemos a sua fisiopatologia, como as crises epil&#233;pticas s&#227;o desencadeadas ou como podem ser prevenidas. No centen&#225;rio da descoberta das propriedades antiepil&#233;pticas do fenobarbital, temos mais de 20 drogas dispon&#237;veis para tratamento de epilepsia; contudo, nenhum f&#225;rmaco mudou dramaticamente o progn&#243;stico desta condi&#231;&#227;o, em longo prazo. A cascata de eventos que desencadeia a epilepsia, provavelmente, varia muito de indiv&#237;duo para indiv&#237;duo. A esperan&#231;a para o futuro &#233; a mudan&#231;a do atual paradigma da abordagem sintom&#225;tica. Uma vez que a epileptog&#234;nese seja melhor compreendida, o tratamento poder&#225; ser direcionado aos seus mecanismos espec&#237;ficos e ent&#227;o poderemos dispor de tratamentos capazes de modificar a hist&#243;ria natural da doen&#231;a.
ISSN:0004-282X
1678-4227