Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school

Background The quality of one’s sleep directly affects both physical and cognitive performance as well as overall physiologic health. Sleep deprivation occurs when a person does not get enough sleep. According to recent estimates, one in five Americans does not get enough sleep. Anybody who lacks sl...

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Main Authors: Manoj Sharma, Robert Davis, Anjali Chandra, Amanda H Wilkerson, Vinayak K Nahar, Krishen Dennis Samuel, Vipina B Nair, Syed Siraj A Quadri, Joshua Mann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-05-01
Series:BMJ Public Health
Online Access:https://bmjpublichealth.bmj.com/content/3/1/e001244.full
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author Manoj Sharma
Robert Davis
Anjali Chandra
Amanda H Wilkerson
Vinayak K Nahar
Krishen Dennis Samuel
Vipina B Nair
Syed Siraj A Quadri
Joshua Mann
author_facet Manoj Sharma
Robert Davis
Anjali Chandra
Amanda H Wilkerson
Vinayak K Nahar
Krishen Dennis Samuel
Vipina B Nair
Syed Siraj A Quadri
Joshua Mann
author_sort Manoj Sharma
collection DOAJ
description Background The quality of one’s sleep directly affects both physical and cognitive performance as well as overall physiologic health. Sleep deprivation occurs when a person does not get enough sleep. According to recent estimates, one in five Americans does not get enough sleep. Anybody who lacks sleep might suffer negative impacts, but those who work in high-stress, high-risk jobs that need greater concentration and focus are most affected. One group that fits that criteria is medical students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well the multi-theory model (MTM) can explain both initiation and maintenance of healthy sleep behaviour in medical college students.Methods A convenience sample of medical students from a medical college in the Southeastern USA was recruited for participation in this cross-sectional study. An online survey was used to gather self-reported sociodemographic information as well as variables based on MTM.Results Of the 327 participants, 54.3% were women and 76.7% were White. Over one-third (35.6%) of the medical students reported inadequate sleep. Regression models were created to explain the initiation and sustenance of adequate sleep behaviour among individuals not currently engaging in adequate sleep behaviour. For initiation, participatory dialogue and behavioural confidence were statistically significant and explained 44.4% of the variance in the initiation of adequate sleep behaviour change among medical students. For sustenance, the MTM constructs emotional transformation, practice for change, and changes in the social environment were statistically significant and explained 38.6% of the variance in the continuation of adequate sleep behaviour change.Conclusions The MTM shows promise as a sound theoretical framework to inform the development of intervention programmes focused on behavioural modification to improve sleep quality among medical students.
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spelling doaj-art-79ebee760fa843ccac456d83c0a8f6f12025-08-20T02:37:39ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Public Health2753-42942025-05-013110.1136/bmjph-2024-001244Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical schoolManoj Sharma0Robert Davis1Anjali Chandra2Amanda H Wilkerson3Vinayak K Nahar4Krishen Dennis Samuel5Vipina B Nair6Syed Siraj A Quadri7Joshua Mann8Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USASubstance Use and Mental Health Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USABrigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Health Science, College of Human Environmental Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USADepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USASubstance Use and Mental Health Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USADivision of Preventive Medicine, VA Desert Pacific Healthcare Network, Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Hospital, Loma Linda, California, USADeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, Tennessee, USADepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USABackground The quality of one’s sleep directly affects both physical and cognitive performance as well as overall physiologic health. Sleep deprivation occurs when a person does not get enough sleep. According to recent estimates, one in five Americans does not get enough sleep. Anybody who lacks sleep might suffer negative impacts, but those who work in high-stress, high-risk jobs that need greater concentration and focus are most affected. One group that fits that criteria is medical students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well the multi-theory model (MTM) can explain both initiation and maintenance of healthy sleep behaviour in medical college students.Methods A convenience sample of medical students from a medical college in the Southeastern USA was recruited for participation in this cross-sectional study. An online survey was used to gather self-reported sociodemographic information as well as variables based on MTM.Results Of the 327 participants, 54.3% were women and 76.7% were White. Over one-third (35.6%) of the medical students reported inadequate sleep. Regression models were created to explain the initiation and sustenance of adequate sleep behaviour among individuals not currently engaging in adequate sleep behaviour. For initiation, participatory dialogue and behavioural confidence were statistically significant and explained 44.4% of the variance in the initiation of adequate sleep behaviour change among medical students. For sustenance, the MTM constructs emotional transformation, practice for change, and changes in the social environment were statistically significant and explained 38.6% of the variance in the continuation of adequate sleep behaviour change.Conclusions The MTM shows promise as a sound theoretical framework to inform the development of intervention programmes focused on behavioural modification to improve sleep quality among medical students.https://bmjpublichealth.bmj.com/content/3/1/e001244.full
spellingShingle Manoj Sharma
Robert Davis
Anjali Chandra
Amanda H Wilkerson
Vinayak K Nahar
Krishen Dennis Samuel
Vipina B Nair
Syed Siraj A Quadri
Joshua Mann
Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
BMJ Public Health
title Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
title_full Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
title_fullStr Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
title_full_unstemmed Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
title_short Testing of a multi-theory model (MTM) to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a Southeastern US medical school
title_sort testing of a multi theory model mtm to determine factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of adequate sleep behaviour among students from a southeastern us medical school
url https://bmjpublichealth.bmj.com/content/3/1/e001244.full
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