Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick
Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene found in essential oils of plants of the Lamiaceae family, emerges as an alternative acaricide of plant origin. Its acetylation was proposed to obtain a derivative compound with a better pharmacological profile and lower toxicity to non-target organisms. The present...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024002178 |
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| author | Graziela Hermínia Andrade Mendonça Aline Chaves Reis Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig Gabriela Pereira Brito José Henrique Silva Rodrigues Camila Souza de Oliveira Guimarães Vitor Luís Tenório Mati Rafael Neodini Remedio |
| author_facet | Graziela Hermínia Andrade Mendonça Aline Chaves Reis Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig Gabriela Pereira Brito José Henrique Silva Rodrigues Camila Souza de Oliveira Guimarães Vitor Luís Tenório Mati Rafael Neodini Remedio |
| author_sort | Graziela Hermínia Andrade Mendonça |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene found in essential oils of plants of the Lamiaceae family, emerges as an alternative acaricide of plant origin. Its acetylation was proposed to obtain a derivative compound with a better pharmacological profile and lower toxicity to non-target organisms. The present study aimed to assess the preclinical safety of acetylcarvacrol after dermal application in Wistar rats, through the examination of hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as histopathological analysis of the skin, liver and kidney. For this, twenty rats were distributed into four groups with five animals each. Three groups received treatment with different concentrations of the substance (26, 52, and 104 µL/mL) based on the lethal concentration for Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, and one group (Control) received only the vehicle. Acetylcarvacrol was applied daily to a trichotomized skin area for 21 days. No changes in hematological parameters were observed. Regarding biochemical analysis, a slight increase in urea and alanine transaminase levels was noted. No significant changes were observed in the kidney and liver, although the rats had developed cumulative irritant contact dermatitis at the application site, as corroborated by the histopathological analysis of the skin. In general, the results showed that the dermal application of acetylcarvacrol in the experimental conditions described here is safe. However, it can cause signs of mild systemic toxicity and skin irritation at high concentrations, suggesting that this product should be used in lower therapeutic doses and that the development of less aggressive formulations, including the combination with other acaricides, is desirable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-79e3135bc7fe4a019d394ef8d0c38f4e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-7500 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicology Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-79e3135bc7fe4a019d394ef8d0c38f4e2024-12-19T10:54:58ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002024-12-0113101834Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tickGraziela Hermínia Andrade Mendonça0Aline Chaves Reis1Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig2Gabriela Pereira Brito3José Henrique Silva Rodrigues4Camila Souza de Oliveira Guimarães5Vitor Luís Tenório Mati6Rafael Neodini Remedio7Department of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Correspondence to: Department of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais 37203-202, Brazil.Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene found in essential oils of plants of the Lamiaceae family, emerges as an alternative acaricide of plant origin. Its acetylation was proposed to obtain a derivative compound with a better pharmacological profile and lower toxicity to non-target organisms. The present study aimed to assess the preclinical safety of acetylcarvacrol after dermal application in Wistar rats, through the examination of hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as histopathological analysis of the skin, liver and kidney. For this, twenty rats were distributed into four groups with five animals each. Three groups received treatment with different concentrations of the substance (26, 52, and 104 µL/mL) based on the lethal concentration for Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, and one group (Control) received only the vehicle. Acetylcarvacrol was applied daily to a trichotomized skin area for 21 days. No changes in hematological parameters were observed. Regarding biochemical analysis, a slight increase in urea and alanine transaminase levels was noted. No significant changes were observed in the kidney and liver, although the rats had developed cumulative irritant contact dermatitis at the application site, as corroborated by the histopathological analysis of the skin. In general, the results showed that the dermal application of acetylcarvacrol in the experimental conditions described here is safe. However, it can cause signs of mild systemic toxicity and skin irritation at high concentrations, suggesting that this product should be used in lower therapeutic doses and that the development of less aggressive formulations, including the combination with other acaricides, is desirable.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024002178Semi-syntheticDermal toxicityAcaricideTick control |
| spellingShingle | Graziela Hermínia Andrade Mendonça Aline Chaves Reis Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig Gabriela Pereira Brito José Henrique Silva Rodrigues Camila Souza de Oliveira Guimarães Vitor Luís Tenório Mati Rafael Neodini Remedio Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick Toxicology Reports Semi-synthetic Dermal toxicity Acaricide Tick control |
| title | Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| title_full | Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| title_fullStr | Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| title_short | Preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol, a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| title_sort | preclinical safety assessment in rats after dermal exposure to acetylcarvacrol a potential acaricide against the brown dog tick |
| topic | Semi-synthetic Dermal toxicity Acaricide Tick control |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024002178 |
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