In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens
Recently, researchers have used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with humic acid (HA) as antimicrobial agents. Herein, AgNPs were prepared and coupled with humic acid for their antimicrobial activities. The as-prepared AgNPs coupled with humic acid (HA) were characterized by an atomic force micr...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| author | Shabir Ahmed Dharejo Tajnees Pirzada Muhammad Raza Shah Ahmed Nadeem Khalid Hussain Thebo |
| author_facet | Shabir Ahmed Dharejo Tajnees Pirzada Muhammad Raza Shah Ahmed Nadeem Khalid Hussain Thebo |
| author_sort | Shabir Ahmed Dharejo |
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| description | Recently, researchers have used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with humic acid (HA) as antimicrobial agents. Herein, AgNPs were prepared and coupled with humic acid for their antimicrobial activities. The as-prepared AgNPs coupled with humic acid (HA) were characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, zeta sizer, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV–VIS spectrophotometer. Moreover, human plasma, varied salt concentrations, and pH levels were used for stability confirmation using a UV–VIS spectrophotometer. The antibacterial activities and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of coupled AgNPs were determined by disk diffusion and broth dilution methods, respectively, against identified Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogene, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, which are extracted from cow dung. AgNPs' peak in the UV–Vis spectral range showed maximal absorption at 415 nm. The coupled AgNPs displayed their distinctive peak under all circumstances, demonstrating their stability. The FT-IR displayed functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acids, carbonyl, ester, and ether groups. The particles were face-centered cubic (FCC) in structure, according to the XRD. Moreover, particles had a spherical shape, high negative zeta potential, and were polydisperse in nature, with an average size of 25.43 nm. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs was found to be 2.5 mg/mL, and the MBC of AgNPs/HA was found to be 5 mg/mL. The result indicated that the as-synthesizedAgNPs/HA are more effective in inhibiting all the studied microorganisms, which can be attributed to the therapeutic use of nanoparticles coated with humic acids. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-79e20aa4d1dc492b8eda9c10aa6b39db2025-01-17T04:51:49ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01111e41636In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogensShabir Ahmed Dharejo0Tajnees Pirzada1Muhammad Raza Shah2Ahmed Nadeem3Khalid Hussain Thebo4Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's, 66020, Sindh, PakistanInstitute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's, 66020, Sindh, Pakistan; Corresponding author.International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, Karachi University Karachi, 74200, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi ArabiaInstitute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Science, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China; Corresponding author.Recently, researchers have used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with humic acid (HA) as antimicrobial agents. Herein, AgNPs were prepared and coupled with humic acid for their antimicrobial activities. The as-prepared AgNPs coupled with humic acid (HA) were characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, zeta sizer, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV–VIS spectrophotometer. Moreover, human plasma, varied salt concentrations, and pH levels were used for stability confirmation using a UV–VIS spectrophotometer. The antibacterial activities and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of coupled AgNPs were determined by disk diffusion and broth dilution methods, respectively, against identified Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogene, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, which are extracted from cow dung. AgNPs' peak in the UV–Vis spectral range showed maximal absorption at 415 nm. The coupled AgNPs displayed their distinctive peak under all circumstances, demonstrating their stability. The FT-IR displayed functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acids, carbonyl, ester, and ether groups. The particles were face-centered cubic (FCC) in structure, according to the XRD. Moreover, particles had a spherical shape, high negative zeta potential, and were polydisperse in nature, with an average size of 25.43 nm. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs was found to be 2.5 mg/mL, and the MBC of AgNPs/HA was found to be 5 mg/mL. The result indicated that the as-synthesizedAgNPs/HA are more effective in inhibiting all the studied microorganisms, which can be attributed to the therapeutic use of nanoparticles coated with humic acids.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025000155Silver nanoparticlesCow dungHumic acidCoupledAntimicrobial activities |
| spellingShingle | Shabir Ahmed Dharejo Tajnees Pirzada Muhammad Raza Shah Ahmed Nadeem Khalid Hussain Thebo In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens Heliyon Silver nanoparticles Cow dung Humic acid Coupled Antimicrobial activities |
| title | In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| title_full | In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| title_fullStr | In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| title_short | In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| title_sort | in vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens |
| topic | Silver nanoparticles Cow dung Humic acid Coupled Antimicrobial activities |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025000155 |
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