Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers

Recently, wireless security has been highlighted as one of the most important techniques for 6G mobile communication systems. Many researchers have tried to improve the Physical-Layer Security (PLS) performance such as Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) and Secrecy Energy-Efficiency (SEE). The SOP ind...

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Main Authors: Woong Son, Minkyu Oh, Heejung Yu, Bang Chul Jung
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-04-01
Series:Digital Communications and Networks
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864824000221
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author Woong Son
Minkyu Oh
Heejung Yu
Bang Chul Jung
author_facet Woong Son
Minkyu Oh
Heejung Yu
Bang Chul Jung
author_sort Woong Son
collection DOAJ
description Recently, wireless security has been highlighted as one of the most important techniques for 6G mobile communication systems. Many researchers have tried to improve the Physical-Layer Security (PLS) performance such as Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) and Secrecy Energy-Efficiency (SEE). The SOP indicates the outage probability that the data transmission between legitimate devices does not guarantee a certain reliability level, and the SEE is defined as the ratio between the achievable secrecy-rate and the consumed transmit power. In this paper, we consider a Multi-User Multi-Input Single-Output (MU-MISO) downlink cellular network where a legitimate Base Station (BS) equipped with multiple transmit antennas sends secure information to multiple legitimate Mobile Stations (MSs), and multiple potential eavesdroppers (EVEs) equipped with a single receive antenna try to eavesdrop on this information. Each potential EVE tries to intercept the secure information, i.e., the private message, from the legitimate BS to legitimate MSs with a certain eavesdropping probability. To securely receive the private information, each legitimate MS feeds back its effective channel gain to the legitimate BS only when the effective channel gain is higher than a certain threshold, i.e., the legitimate MSs adopt an Opportunistic Feedback (OF) strategy. In such eavesdropping channels, both SOP and SEE are analyzed as performance measures of PLS and their closed-form expressions are derived mathematically. Based on the analytical results, it is shown that the SOP of the OF strategy approaches that of a Full Feedback (FF) strategy as the number of legitimate MSs or the number of antennas at the BS increases. Furthermore, the trade-off between SOP and SEE as a function of the channel feedback threshold in the OF strategy is investigated. The analytical results and related observations are verified by numerical simulations.
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spelling doaj-art-79b0621e607b4e0f841feaccafc19a232025-08-20T02:28:37ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Digital Communications and Networks2352-86482025-04-0111242443110.1016/j.dcan.2024.02.004Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppersWoong Son0Minkyu Oh1Heejung Yu2Bang Chul Jung3C4I R & D Lab., LIG Nex1 Co. Ltd., Yongin, 16911, South KoreaDepartment of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South KoreaDepartment of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, South Korea; Corresponding authors. This paper was submitted while Bang Chul Jung was affiliated with Chungnam National University.Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea; Corresponding authors. This paper was submitted while Bang Chul Jung was affiliated with Chungnam National University.Recently, wireless security has been highlighted as one of the most important techniques for 6G mobile communication systems. Many researchers have tried to improve the Physical-Layer Security (PLS) performance such as Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) and Secrecy Energy-Efficiency (SEE). The SOP indicates the outage probability that the data transmission between legitimate devices does not guarantee a certain reliability level, and the SEE is defined as the ratio between the achievable secrecy-rate and the consumed transmit power. In this paper, we consider a Multi-User Multi-Input Single-Output (MU-MISO) downlink cellular network where a legitimate Base Station (BS) equipped with multiple transmit antennas sends secure information to multiple legitimate Mobile Stations (MSs), and multiple potential eavesdroppers (EVEs) equipped with a single receive antenna try to eavesdrop on this information. Each potential EVE tries to intercept the secure information, i.e., the private message, from the legitimate BS to legitimate MSs with a certain eavesdropping probability. To securely receive the private information, each legitimate MS feeds back its effective channel gain to the legitimate BS only when the effective channel gain is higher than a certain threshold, i.e., the legitimate MSs adopt an Opportunistic Feedback (OF) strategy. In such eavesdropping channels, both SOP and SEE are analyzed as performance measures of PLS and their closed-form expressions are derived mathematically. Based on the analytical results, it is shown that the SOP of the OF strategy approaches that of a Full Feedback (FF) strategy as the number of legitimate MSs or the number of antennas at the BS increases. Furthermore, the trade-off between SOP and SEE as a function of the channel feedback threshold in the OF strategy is investigated. The analytical results and related observations are verified by numerical simulations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864824000221Physical-layer securityOpportunistic feedbackPotential eavesdroppersSecrecy outage probabilitySecrecy energy-efficiency
spellingShingle Woong Son
Minkyu Oh
Heejung Yu
Bang Chul Jung
Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
Digital Communications and Networks
Physical-layer security
Opportunistic feedback
Potential eavesdroppers
Secrecy outage probability
Secrecy energy-efficiency
title Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
title_full Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
title_fullStr Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
title_full_unstemmed Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
title_short Physical-layer security in MU-MISO downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
title_sort physical layer security in mu miso downlink networks against potential eavesdroppers
topic Physical-layer security
Opportunistic feedback
Potential eavesdroppers
Secrecy outage probability
Secrecy energy-efficiency
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864824000221
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