Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Nutritional and inflammatory indicators are key to predicting outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This study evaluates the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and a novel co...

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Main Authors: Xing Li, Xueli Zhou, Kuo Li, Li Pu, Xueqin He, Xia Liu, Hui Zhong, Dengyan Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323318
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author Xing Li
Xueli Zhou
Kuo Li
Li Pu
Xueqin He
Xia Liu
Hui Zhong
Dengyan Ma
author_facet Xing Li
Xueli Zhou
Kuo Li
Li Pu
Xueqin He
Xia Liu
Hui Zhong
Dengyan Ma
author_sort Xing Li
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background and objectives</h4>Nutritional and inflammatory indicators are key to predicting outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This study evaluates the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and a novel composite score, P-CONUT, which integrates both nutritional and inflammatory status, to improve risk prediction and management in PD patients.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective study included 810 PD patients. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival curves compared outcomes across groups, and log-rank tests assessed differences. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses identified independent mortality predictors. The prognostic performance of CONUT, PNI, and P-CONUT was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) and integrated AUC comparisons. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to assess the incremental value of P-CONUT over CONUT and PNI. Decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the clinical utility of the models. A nomogram incorporating significant predictors was developed to aid in prognosis prediction.<h4>Results</h4>Cox regression identified P-CONUT as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (G2 vs. G1: HR = 0.354, 95% CI: 0.238-0.528, p < 0.001; G3 vs. G1: HR = 0.385, 95% CI: 0.270-0.549, p < 0.001). P-CONUT demonstrated superior prognostic performance (AUC = 0.790, 95% CI: 0.751-0.829), with improvements over CONUT (AUC = 0.611, 95% CI: 0.561-0.661) and PNI (AUC = 0.636, 95% CI: 0.587-0.686). The NRI for P-CONUT over CONUT and PNI was 0.331 (95% CI: 0.156-0.408) and 0.357 (95% CI: 0.221-0.428), respectively. The IDI for P-CONUT compared to CONUT and PNI was 0.111 (95% CI: 0.011-0.145) and 0.112 (95% CI: 0.018-0.149), respectively. DCA demonstrated that P-CONUT provided a greater net benefit than both CONUT and PNI across a range of risk thresholds.<h4>Conclusion</h4>P-CONUT is a strong independent predictor of mortality in PD patients, outperforming both CONUT and PNI in prognostic accuracy. The composite P-CONUT score, integrating both nutritional and inflammatory status, provides superior predictive value, aiding in more precise risk stratification. This score, coupled with other significant prognostic factors, offers a reliable tool for improving the long-term management and clinical decision-making for PD patients.
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spelling doaj-art-7997a3bc5bec400291094e9ba22ef84a2025-08-20T03:08:27ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01205e032331810.1371/journal.pone.0323318Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.Xing LiXueli ZhouKuo LiLi PuXueqin HeXia LiuHui ZhongDengyan Ma<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Nutritional and inflammatory indicators are key to predicting outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This study evaluates the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and a novel composite score, P-CONUT, which integrates both nutritional and inflammatory status, to improve risk prediction and management in PD patients.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective study included 810 PD patients. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival curves compared outcomes across groups, and log-rank tests assessed differences. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses identified independent mortality predictors. The prognostic performance of CONUT, PNI, and P-CONUT was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) and integrated AUC comparisons. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to assess the incremental value of P-CONUT over CONUT and PNI. Decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the clinical utility of the models. A nomogram incorporating significant predictors was developed to aid in prognosis prediction.<h4>Results</h4>Cox regression identified P-CONUT as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (G2 vs. G1: HR = 0.354, 95% CI: 0.238-0.528, p < 0.001; G3 vs. G1: HR = 0.385, 95% CI: 0.270-0.549, p < 0.001). P-CONUT demonstrated superior prognostic performance (AUC = 0.790, 95% CI: 0.751-0.829), with improvements over CONUT (AUC = 0.611, 95% CI: 0.561-0.661) and PNI (AUC = 0.636, 95% CI: 0.587-0.686). The NRI for P-CONUT over CONUT and PNI was 0.331 (95% CI: 0.156-0.408) and 0.357 (95% CI: 0.221-0.428), respectively. The IDI for P-CONUT compared to CONUT and PNI was 0.111 (95% CI: 0.011-0.145) and 0.112 (95% CI: 0.018-0.149), respectively. DCA demonstrated that P-CONUT provided a greater net benefit than both CONUT and PNI across a range of risk thresholds.<h4>Conclusion</h4>P-CONUT is a strong independent predictor of mortality in PD patients, outperforming both CONUT and PNI in prognostic accuracy. The composite P-CONUT score, integrating both nutritional and inflammatory status, provides superior predictive value, aiding in more precise risk stratification. This score, coupled with other significant prognostic factors, offers a reliable tool for improving the long-term management and clinical decision-making for PD patients.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323318
spellingShingle Xing Li
Xueli Zhou
Kuo Li
Li Pu
Xueqin He
Xia Liu
Hui Zhong
Dengyan Ma
Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
PLoS ONE
title Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
title_full Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
title_fullStr Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
title_short Enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional-inflammatory index (P-CONUT) for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis.
title_sort enhanced prognostic value of a composite nutritional inflammatory index p conut for predicting mortality risk in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323318
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