Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis

<b>Background:</b> Several therapies involving the use of oxygen have been developed; however, the literature to date has poorly addressed the effects of Topical Oxygen Therapy (TOT) on oral tissues. The aim of the present pilot study was to histologically evaluate the response to TOT in...

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Main Authors: Andrea Pilloni, Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia, Raffaella Carletti, Gerarda D’Elia, Michaela Di Mario, Angela Molendini, Umberto Romeo, Lorenzo Marini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Dentistry Journal
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/2/77
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author Andrea Pilloni
Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia
Raffaella Carletti
Gerarda D’Elia
Michaela Di Mario
Angela Molendini
Umberto Romeo
Lorenzo Marini
author_facet Andrea Pilloni
Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia
Raffaella Carletti
Gerarda D’Elia
Michaela Di Mario
Angela Molendini
Umberto Romeo
Lorenzo Marini
author_sort Andrea Pilloni
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> Several therapies involving the use of oxygen have been developed; however, the literature to date has poorly addressed the effects of Topical Oxygen Therapy (TOT) on oral tissues. The aim of the present pilot study was to histologically evaluate the response to TOT in epithelial–connective samples harvested from the palate. <b>Methods:</b> In eight patients selected for a free gingival graft (FGG) procedure, the lateral portions of the graft were randomly assigned to receive TOT (test) or no treatment (control). Both the portions were stained with hematoxylin–eosin for the evaluation of histomorphological changes and with Picrosirius for the study of collagen. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies for the characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate and neoangiogenesis. <b>Results:</b> The analysis failed to show morphological variations in both groups, demonstrating that there was no tissue damage due to TOT. The prevalence of type I collagen in both samples supported this finding. Immune cells were present in low levels and mainly consisted of CD3+ T lymphocytes. The histomorphometric analysis showed an increased average vessel area (7607.95 μm<sup>2</sup> ± 3983.24 vs. 4038.42 μm<sup>2</sup> ± 1823.52), an increased number and caliber of vessels (49.82 ± 20.55 vs. 32.35 ± 16.64), and a higher microvessel density (7.89 ± 3.25 vessels/0.26 mm<sup>2</sup> vs. 5.13 ± 2.63 vessels/0.26 mm<sup>2</sup>) in the test group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although further investigations are needed, TOT could improve and speed up oral wound healing through the local condition of hyperoxia.
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spelling doaj-art-796b6d78d3244a7ea96d7614b1e70d812025-08-20T02:44:38ZengMDPI AGDentistry Journal2304-67672025-02-011327710.3390/dj13020077Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological AnalysisAndrea Pilloni0Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia1Raffaella Carletti2Gerarda D’Elia3Michaela Di Mario4Angela Molendini5Umberto Romeo6Lorenzo Marini7Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy<b>Background:</b> Several therapies involving the use of oxygen have been developed; however, the literature to date has poorly addressed the effects of Topical Oxygen Therapy (TOT) on oral tissues. The aim of the present pilot study was to histologically evaluate the response to TOT in epithelial–connective samples harvested from the palate. <b>Methods:</b> In eight patients selected for a free gingival graft (FGG) procedure, the lateral portions of the graft were randomly assigned to receive TOT (test) or no treatment (control). Both the portions were stained with hematoxylin–eosin for the evaluation of histomorphological changes and with Picrosirius for the study of collagen. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies for the characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate and neoangiogenesis. <b>Results:</b> The analysis failed to show morphological variations in both groups, demonstrating that there was no tissue damage due to TOT. The prevalence of type I collagen in both samples supported this finding. Immune cells were present in low levels and mainly consisted of CD3+ T lymphocytes. The histomorphometric analysis showed an increased average vessel area (7607.95 μm<sup>2</sup> ± 3983.24 vs. 4038.42 μm<sup>2</sup> ± 1823.52), an increased number and caliber of vessels (49.82 ± 20.55 vs. 32.35 ± 16.64), and a higher microvessel density (7.89 ± 3.25 vessels/0.26 mm<sup>2</sup> vs. 5.13 ± 2.63 vessels/0.26 mm<sup>2</sup>) in the test group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although further investigations are needed, TOT could improve and speed up oral wound healing through the local condition of hyperoxia.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/2/77wound healingtopical oxygen therapyhistological analysisimmunohistochemical analysisangiogenesis
spellingShingle Andrea Pilloni
Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia
Raffaella Carletti
Gerarda D’Elia
Michaela Di Mario
Angela Molendini
Umberto Romeo
Lorenzo Marini
Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
Dentistry Journal
wound healing
topical oxygen therapy
histological analysis
immunohistochemical analysis
angiogenesis
title Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
title_full Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
title_fullStr Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
title_short Topical Oxygenation Improves Microvascularity in a Human Ex Vivo Palatal Tissue Model: A Histological Analysis
title_sort topical oxygenation improves microvascularity in a human ex vivo palatal tissue model a histological analysis
topic wound healing
topical oxygen therapy
histological analysis
immunohistochemical analysis
angiogenesis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/2/77
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