A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations
With public safety receiving widespread attention from society, the question of how to effectively evacuate crowds has become a key issue. Leaders can provide pedestrians with clear and accurate route information and play an important role in daily crowd management and emergency safety evacuation. I...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Fire |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/30 |
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| author | Ping Zhang Wenjun Liu Lizhong Yang Jinzhong Wu Kaixuan Wang Yujie Cui |
| author_facet | Ping Zhang Wenjun Liu Lizhong Yang Jinzhong Wu Kaixuan Wang Yujie Cui |
| author_sort | Ping Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With public safety receiving widespread attention from society, the question of how to effectively evacuate crowds has become a key issue. Leaders can provide pedestrians with clear and accurate route information and play an important role in daily crowd management and emergency safety evacuation. In this study, an evacuation model with static guidance considering the leader’s influence and the pedestrians’ decision-making behavior is proposed. The model is validated using experimental data, including evacuation behavior, evacuation time, and the percentage of the cumulative number of evacuees over time, and the simulation results match the experimental results well. Then, the model is applied to investigate the effect of different locations, numbers of static leaders, and different pedestrian distributions on evacuation efficiency in a room with unavailable exits. The results show that a leader located in the center of each potential exit can improve the overall evacuation efficiency, and the farther the guided pedestrian was from the correct exit, the better the overall evacuation performance of pedestrians. The distance parameter of multiple leaders is defined, and an optimal number of leaders exists in each specific scenario due to the overlap of leaders’ influencing areas. Furthermore, whether the pedestrians are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed, the evacuation time is shorter when the guided pedestrians are located farther from the correct exit. These findings can provide suggestions for crowd management and the arrangement of leaders in emergency evacuations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-794aec4138db4dd68784bf620f7ca122 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2571-6255 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fire |
| spelling | doaj-art-794aec4138db4dd68784bf620f7ca1222025-01-24T13:32:21ZengMDPI AGFire2571-62552025-01-01813010.3390/fire8010030A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency SituationsPing Zhang0Wenjun Liu1Lizhong Yang2Jinzhong Wu3Kaixuan Wang4Yujie Cui5College of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaCollege of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, ChinaCollege of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaCollege of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaCollege of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaWith public safety receiving widespread attention from society, the question of how to effectively evacuate crowds has become a key issue. Leaders can provide pedestrians with clear and accurate route information and play an important role in daily crowd management and emergency safety evacuation. In this study, an evacuation model with static guidance considering the leader’s influence and the pedestrians’ decision-making behavior is proposed. The model is validated using experimental data, including evacuation behavior, evacuation time, and the percentage of the cumulative number of evacuees over time, and the simulation results match the experimental results well. Then, the model is applied to investigate the effect of different locations, numbers of static leaders, and different pedestrian distributions on evacuation efficiency in a room with unavailable exits. The results show that a leader located in the center of each potential exit can improve the overall evacuation efficiency, and the farther the guided pedestrian was from the correct exit, the better the overall evacuation performance of pedestrians. The distance parameter of multiple leaders is defined, and an optimal number of leaders exists in each specific scenario due to the overlap of leaders’ influencing areas. Furthermore, whether the pedestrians are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed, the evacuation time is shorter when the guided pedestrians are located farther from the correct exit. These findings can provide suggestions for crowd management and the arrangement of leaders in emergency evacuations.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/30leadersstatic guidancecrowd evacuationsocial force model |
| spellingShingle | Ping Zhang Wenjun Liu Lizhong Yang Jinzhong Wu Kaixuan Wang Yujie Cui A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations Fire leaders static guidance crowd evacuation social force model |
| title | A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations |
| title_full | A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations |
| title_fullStr | A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations |
| title_short | A Social Force-Based Model for Pedestrian Evacuation with Static Guidance in Emergency Situations |
| title_sort | social force based model for pedestrian evacuation with static guidance in emergency situations |
| topic | leaders static guidance crowd evacuation social force model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/30 |
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