How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil

Abstract Fluorographene, a new alternative to graphene, it not only inherits the 2-dimensional (2D) layered structure and outstanding mechanical properties, but also possesses controllable C–F bonds. It is meaningful to reveal the evolution processes of the tribological behaviors from graphene to fl...

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Main Authors: Xiaojing Ci, Wenjie Zhao, Jun Luo, Yangmin Wu, Tianhao Ge, Qunji Xue, Xiulei Gao, Zhiwen Fang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tsinghua University Press 2020-06-01
Series:Friction
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0350-y
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author Xiaojing Ci
Wenjie Zhao
Jun Luo
Yangmin Wu
Tianhao Ge
Qunji Xue
Xiulei Gao
Zhiwen Fang
author_facet Xiaojing Ci
Wenjie Zhao
Jun Luo
Yangmin Wu
Tianhao Ge
Qunji Xue
Xiulei Gao
Zhiwen Fang
author_sort Xiaojing Ci
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Fluorographene, a new alternative to graphene, it not only inherits the 2-dimensional (2D) layered structure and outstanding mechanical properties, but also possesses controllable C–F bonds. It is meaningful to reveal the evolution processes of the tribological behaviors from graphene to fluorographene. In this work, fluorinated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (F–rGO) with different degree of fluorination were prepared using direct gas-fluorination and they were added into gas to liquid-8 (GTL-8) base oil as lubricant additive to improve the tribological performance. According to the results, the coefficient of friction (COF) reduced by 21%, notably, the wear rate reduced by 87% with the addition of highly fluorinated reduced graphene oxide (HF–rGO) compared with rGO. It was confirmed that more covalent C–F bonds which improved the chemical stability of HF–rGO resisted the detachment of fluorine so the HF–rGO nanosheets showed less damage, as demonstrated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Meanwhile, the ionic liquid (IL) adsorbed on HF–rGO successfully improved the dispersibility of F–rGO in GTL-8 base oil. The investigation of tribofilm by TEM and focused ion beam (FIB) illustrated that IL displayed a synergy to participate in the tribochemical reaction and increased the thickness of tribofilm during the friction process.
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publisher Tsinghua University Press
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spelling doaj-art-7928930eaae542c99142a98f6ea400bb2025-08-20T01:55:05ZengTsinghua University PressFriction2223-76902223-77042020-06-019348850110.1007/s40544-019-0350-yHow the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oilXiaojing Ci0Wenjie Zhao1Jun Luo2Yangmin Wu3Tianhao Ge4Qunji Xue5Xiulei Gao6Zhiwen Fang7Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Materials and Engineering, Shanghai UniversityKey Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesEngineering Technology Research Center of Fluorocarbon Materials, Shandong Zhongshan Photoelectric Materials Co., Ltd.Engineering Technology Research Center of Fluorocarbon Materials, Shandong Zhongshan Photoelectric Materials Co., Ltd.Abstract Fluorographene, a new alternative to graphene, it not only inherits the 2-dimensional (2D) layered structure and outstanding mechanical properties, but also possesses controllable C–F bonds. It is meaningful to reveal the evolution processes of the tribological behaviors from graphene to fluorographene. In this work, fluorinated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (F–rGO) with different degree of fluorination were prepared using direct gas-fluorination and they were added into gas to liquid-8 (GTL-8) base oil as lubricant additive to improve the tribological performance. According to the results, the coefficient of friction (COF) reduced by 21%, notably, the wear rate reduced by 87% with the addition of highly fluorinated reduced graphene oxide (HF–rGO) compared with rGO. It was confirmed that more covalent C–F bonds which improved the chemical stability of HF–rGO resisted the detachment of fluorine so the HF–rGO nanosheets showed less damage, as demonstrated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Meanwhile, the ionic liquid (IL) adsorbed on HF–rGO successfully improved the dispersibility of F–rGO in GTL-8 base oil. The investigation of tribofilm by TEM and focused ion beam (FIB) illustrated that IL displayed a synergy to participate in the tribochemical reaction and increased the thickness of tribofilm during the friction process.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0350-yreduced graphene oxidefluorographenelubricating oilfrictionweartribofilm
spellingShingle Xiaojing Ci
Wenjie Zhao
Jun Luo
Yangmin Wu
Tianhao Ge
Qunji Xue
Xiulei Gao
Zhiwen Fang
How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
Friction
reduced graphene oxide
fluorographene
lubricating oil
friction
wear
tribofilm
title How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
title_full How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
title_fullStr How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
title_full_unstemmed How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
title_short How the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of GTL-8 based lubricant oil
title_sort how the fluorographene replaced graphene as nanoadditive for improving tribological performances of gtl 8 based lubricant oil
topic reduced graphene oxide
fluorographene
lubricating oil
friction
wear
tribofilm
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0350-y
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