Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles.
Beetles are the most species-rich group of animals and harbor diverse karyotypes. Most species have XY sex chromosomes, but X0 sex determination mechanisms are also common in some groups. We generated a whole-chromosome assembly of Tribolium confusum, which has a neo-sex chromosome, and utilize elev...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-11-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011477 |
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| author | Ryan Bracewell Anita Tran Kamalakar Chatla Doris Bachtrog |
| author_facet | Ryan Bracewell Anita Tran Kamalakar Chatla Doris Bachtrog |
| author_sort | Ryan Bracewell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Beetles are the most species-rich group of animals and harbor diverse karyotypes. Most species have XY sex chromosomes, but X0 sex determination mechanisms are also common in some groups. We generated a whole-chromosome assembly of Tribolium confusum, which has a neo-sex chromosome, and utilize eleven additional beetle genomes to reconstruct karyotype evolution across Coleoptera. We identify ancestral linkage groups, termed Stevens elements, that share a conserved set of genes across beetles. While the ancestral X chromosome is maintained across beetles, we find independent additions of autosomes to the ancestral sex chromosomes. These neo-sex chromosomes evolve the stereotypical properties of sex chromosomes, including the evolution of dosage compensation and a non-random distribution of genes with sex-biased expression. Beetles thus provide a novel model to gain a better understanding of the diverse forces driving sex chromosome evolution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-79164099eb564fbf8aa17e888589ee89 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj-art-79164099eb564fbf8aa17e888589ee892025-02-05T05:31:01ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042024-11-012011e101147710.1371/journal.pgen.1011477Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles.Ryan BracewellAnita TranKamalakar ChatlaDoris BachtrogBeetles are the most species-rich group of animals and harbor diverse karyotypes. Most species have XY sex chromosomes, but X0 sex determination mechanisms are also common in some groups. We generated a whole-chromosome assembly of Tribolium confusum, which has a neo-sex chromosome, and utilize eleven additional beetle genomes to reconstruct karyotype evolution across Coleoptera. We identify ancestral linkage groups, termed Stevens elements, that share a conserved set of genes across beetles. While the ancestral X chromosome is maintained across beetles, we find independent additions of autosomes to the ancestral sex chromosomes. These neo-sex chromosomes evolve the stereotypical properties of sex chromosomes, including the evolution of dosage compensation and a non-random distribution of genes with sex-biased expression. Beetles thus provide a novel model to gain a better understanding of the diverse forces driving sex chromosome evolution.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011477 |
| spellingShingle | Ryan Bracewell Anita Tran Kamalakar Chatla Doris Bachtrog Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. |
| title_full | Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. |
| title_fullStr | Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. |
| title_short | Sex and neo-sex chromosome evolution in beetles. |
| title_sort | sex and neo sex chromosome evolution in beetles |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011477 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ryanbracewell sexandneosexchromosomeevolutioninbeetles AT anitatran sexandneosexchromosomeevolutioninbeetles AT kamalakarchatla sexandneosexchromosomeevolutioninbeetles AT dorisbachtrog sexandneosexchromosomeevolutioninbeetles |